Antipyretics for children are prescribed by a pediatrician. But there are emergency situations for fever when the child needs to be given medicine immediately. Then the parents take responsibility and use antipyretic drugs. What is allowed to give to infants? How can you bring down the temperature in older children? What medicines are the safest?
advice for parents
The topic of ecology in everyday life is always with you and with your children in any kind of musical activity. From the earliest years, we, without noticing it ourselves, introduce children to the issue of ecology, awaken and educate in them a sense of love for nature.
Already after a year, children perceive the images of animals in toys, and adults, beating them, sing nursery rhymes, songs, jokes, counting rhymes, songs-fables, from us children learn about "Kisonka-Murysonka", "Chicken-ryabushechka", about a cat that shakes the cradle, about the hare that sweeps the burner. The children really like songs about the “cockerel-golden comb”, about all kinds of small birds and about a horse and geese, and older children about a crow that “sits on an oak tree, plays the pipe”.
The children feel sorry for Murka, who is cold in winter, feed the bird with grains, sing songs to dogs and cats. Children imitate the cry and singing of animals in songs. From didactic musical games, they learn that a cat is a mother of kittens, and a chicken is a mother of chickens, just as you can’t offend your mothers, you can’t offend animals.
And if the guys sing “drink, children, milk, you will be healthy”, then, of course, they will treat the cow with love, knowing that she gives milk. Growing up, children begin to understand that all animals are good, kind, that they are alive, they cannot be offended, they must be treated with care. Children have a desire to protect animals and birds, to help them. There is a love for the plant world.
How to remain indifferent when children sing songs about a birch tree, the beauty of an apple tree blooming in spring, about leaves that fall from trees, why you feel sad, about mushrooms, explaining at the same time about edible and inedible, about vegetables grown in your garden, etc. .
And what are the faces of children dancing with flowers at a holiday, knowing that these flowers are not plucked, but made with their own hands.
For music lessons and entertainment, my children and I often go for a walk in the forest, which is full of all sorts of miracles. Children perform musical studies, depicting trees, flowers and animals, listen and sing songs about how beautiful our land is, about the sun, about foliage - about everything that surrounds us.
If we compare clouds with white horses in a song, then, going out into the street, children look at the sky for a long time and, of course, want it to be blue and clear.
We, adults and children, are responsible to nature!
Let's take care of nature: land, forest, fields and water.
MADOU "Kindergarten No. 104 combined type"
Advice for parents."Let's take care of nature: land, forest, fields and water"
Educator: Mishina I.A.
Sadovnikova E.N.
Consultation for parents on the topic "Water in the life of a child"
The role of water in a child's life
Child health is one of the main concerns of parents. Did you know that water plays a key role in the formation of the child's body and strengthening the immune system. In this article I will tell you how much of this life-giving liquid per day it is desirable to drink for children of different ages and why this is important.
Science has long proven the great importance of drinking the required amount of water per day. And this is not surprising. So, the body of a child is 80% water, and an adult is 60%. Water is easily absorbed by the body and has a strong influence on all processes occurring in it. Its lack leads to a deterioration in well-being, a decrease in immunity and even weight gain. Often, the development of certain diseases is just a signal that our body does not have enough water! This liquid plays a particularly important role for children's health. And the sooner you help your child form the habit of proper water consumption, the easier it will be for him to maintain a proper lifestyle in adulthood.
The role of water in the formation of the child's body.
As we have already said, water has a beneficial effect on health and is involved in vital processes. Its regular use improves metabolism, maintains pressure and body temperature, reduces the risk of allergic reactions, and even improves mood. Dehydration leads to rapid fatigue, fatigue, and the development of a number of diseases. Especially dangerous is the lack of water at elevated body temperature and on hot days.
Here is just a small list of health problems caused by lack of water:
Infections and allergic reactions;
Dry skin;
Stones in the kidneys;
Problems with digestion and metabolism;
Pain in the joints and back;
Problems with teeth and gums.
In a word,water is a natural component of our body. For children, the correct regimen and volumes of consumption of this fluid play an extremely important role, since it is at this age that all body systems are formed. And the sooner the child learns to drink water regularly, the less often you will visit the doctor with him.
It is well known that our body consists of almost two-thirds of the water. It is no coincidence that a person can live without food for more than 4 weeks, and without water - no more than 7 days. Water is an indicator of aging. The body of a child from birth to one year contains 80-85% water. Upon reaching the age of 18, the water content decreases to 65–70%, and in old age - to 25%. Many scientists are inclined to think that providing the body with high-quality water and in the amount necessary for the normal metabolic process is the secret to prolonging youth. Water helps almost every part of the human body to function.
In order to maintain health from an early age, a small person needs a regimen, proper nutrition and a sufficient amount of drinking water. In addition, in order to benefit from drinking water, pediatricians strongly advise paying more attention to the quality of drinking water, since this factor has a significant impact on the state of the whole organism as a whole. The need of children in the first year of life for drinking is individual and is determined by the nature of feeding, the age and weight of the child, the state of his health, and climatic conditions.
In general, the amount of liquid consumed by the baby depends on his age and weight. A child under one year old needs 100 ml of liquid per day per 1 kg of body weight. When he begins to weigh more than 10 kg, the calculation will become more complicated: the child will need 1 liter of liquid per day plus 50 ml for each kilogram in excess of 10 kilograms.
Without sufficient water intake, the baby's body slows down its development, the child risks getting dehydrated, the activity of all vital organs worsens, the body weakens, immunity decreases, lethargy is observed. The general lack of water in the body leads to disruption of the intestines and the genitourinary system. The cause, so to speak, of nervous disorders must also be sought first of all here: often a decrease in the use of drinking water leads to a decrease in the student's ability to concentrate, he loses activity, he wants to sleep, and interest in classes disappears.
What kind of water to give the child?
What kind of water you give your child will depend on his health and well-being. Naturally, ordinary untreated tap water is out of the question, even if it is boiled. Water from wells or a pump room, as well as bottled water for adults, will not work either. The thing is that special regulatory requirements are imposed on children's drinking water and even water for preparing baby food, which are contained in SanPiN 2.1.4.1116-02.
Baby water:
Must have a balanced mineral composition. In particular, the amount of salts and their concentration in children's water is much lower than in water for adults;
Should not be treated with chemicals;
Should not contain preservatives, including carbon dioxide and silver, microorganisms;
If we are talking about bottled water, then the label should contain information that it is “baby water” or “water of the highest category”, as well as information that the product has been registered with Rospotrebnadzor.
In addition, indicators of children's water must comply with the following standard values:
Indicator Normative value
Salt mineralization 250-500 mg/l
Iodide ions 0.04 – 0.06 mg/l
Fluoride ions 0.6 – 1 mg/l
Potassium 2 - 20 mg/l
Calcium 25 – 80 mg/l
Bicarbonates 30 - 400
Hardness 1.5 - 7 mg-eq / l
Alkalinity 0.5 - 6.5 mg - equiv / l
If you prefer bottled baby water, be sure to read the label. The latter should indicate the type of water, its category, information on the chemical and physiological composition, storage conditions, date of manufacture, expiration date and place of collection.
The rate of water consumption for a child
How much water should a child drink? The consumption rate will depend on age, weight, mobility, physical condition and even weather conditions.
0 to 1 year
Babies up to 4-6 months, as a rule, get all the nutrients - including water - from their mother's milk. During this period, doctors do not recommend drinking water for babies. First of all, because it is at this time that the intestinal flora is formed and any intervention can affect the process. Moreover, water fills the stomach and gives a false feeling of fullness - because of this, the baby may not eat up.
Mother's milk is perfectly adapted to the needs of the child. And if the baby is hot, he is more often applied to the breast and as a result receives a lot of "front milk", which is 88-90% water.
It is important that at the same time the mother herself consumes the right amount of water and does not
was thirsty!
However, some experts allow you to give a little water in a spoon with
three months - but only in hot weather, when the child is sweating or has
dries up in the mouth. You don't have to force anything, just offer.And this should be done between feedings. Water can also be offered in following cases:
Constipation;
diarrhea or vomiting;
hiccups;
Elevated temperature.
But this must be done again carefully, without persistence.
But if the child is on artificial or mixed feeding, then water has to be used to prepare mixtures and additionally give it between feedings from the first day. But remember, the baby can drink no more than 100-200 ml per day.
In general, babies under one year old need 50 ml of water for every kilogram of body weight, but remember that approximately 75% of their water comes from milk and food. Therefore, in order to calculate how much of this life-giving fluid is needed to maintain water balance, it follows from the daily requirement indicator (50 ml, multiplied by the weight of the child) subtract the amount of water received with food (milk drunk in ml, multiplied by 0.75).
From 1 year to 3 years
When solid foods are introduced into the diet, the need for water increases. At the same time, children begin to actively move, so fluid loss increases. You can calculate the daily water requirement in the same way: a child needs 50 ml of water per kilogram of weight. In this case, we are talking about pure non-carbonated water: juices, compotes, tea and other similar drinks are not taken into account.
Here are some signs by which you can determine that the child does not have enough water:
Lips and mouth dry;
Skin is dry and/or pale;
After 6-8 hours of sleep, the diaper is dry;
The child shows anxiety, cries more often, while without tears;
Urine is dark in color or has a strong odor
The child greedily drinks water.
3 to 7 years old
The older the child, the more water he drinks. By school age, this volume will already reach 1.2-1.7 liters of water per day. At the same time, from the age of 4, the nervous and skeletal system begins to form very actively in the baby. Therefore, it is so important that the water contains the necessary amount of fluorine and magnesium.
At home, it is also necessary to observe the drinking regimen and provide the child with enough drinking water.In the morning, immediately after waking up, it is useful to drink a glass of water on an empty stomach. This simple action will help the body wake up, feel alert, and start the work of the intestinal tract. Such a culture of drinking water should be instilled in a child from childhood. Try to convey that a violation of the water regime can have a bad effect on his success at school and in sports, on beauty and health in general.
High-quality water for baby food should have the characteristic properties of drinking water - transparency, odorlessness, with a neutral taste. It can be freshly boiled tap water, previously passed through a household filter, or bottled water. Doctors often recommend using just such water, because. in its production, all hygienic requirements are observed and it is really safe for the health of the baby.
Do not use distilled water in the diet of children, however, as well as adults. Such water is often referred to as "dead" water, since it is devoid of all the beneficial elements that the body should receive with water. The main benefit of using bottled water is the guaranteed low salinity control.
There are some rules for using bottled water:
It is advisable to use an open bottle of water during the day, because. various microorganisms can get into it and it must be stored at a low temperature, in the refrigerator.
Only non-carbonated water can be used in the nutrition of children. Therapeuticpreventive water is suitable due to the low saturation with mineral salts.
The "sphere of responsibility" of water is really huge in the child's body. With its help, chemical reactions of metabolic processes are activated in the body, the vital activity of cells is maintained, toxins and waste products are removed. Water is the basis for the production of a special lubricant in the body, with its help our joints become more mobile, muscles become elastic. The level of saturation of his blood with oxygen, the functioning of the brain and the cardiovascular system, the preservation of the structure and functions of DNA, and the condition of the skin depend on the amount of water drunk by the child.
In order for a child to grow up healthy, it is necessary to observe the correct drinking regimen.
Advice for parents.
Experiments and experiments with water at home.
Children's experimentation is one of the leading activities of a preschooler. Obviously, there is no more inquisitive researcher than a child. The little man is seized with a thirst for knowledge and exploration of a vast new world. The research activity of children can become one of the conditions for the development of children's curiosity, and ultimately the cognitive interests of the child. In our group, a lot of attention is paid to children's experimentation. Research activities of children are organized, special problem situations are created, classes are held. Conditions for the development of children's cognitive activity have been created.
Simple experiments and experiments can be organized at home. This does not require much effort, only desire, a little imagination and, of course, some knowledge.
Any place in the apartment can be a place for experiment.
Tip: never dismiss your child's opinions on any issue you are discussing, even if his opinion seems naive to you. Everyone has the right to their point of view, even the wrong one. It is important to find the truth together with the child or to prove the opposite together.
The purpose of experimentation is to lead children up step by step in the knowledge of the world around them. The child will learn to determine the best way to solve the problems facing him and find answers to the questions that arise.
To do this, you must follow some rules:
1. Set the purpose of the experiment: what are we doing the experiment for.
2. Pick up materials: a list of everything you need to conduct the experiment.
3. Discuss the process: step-by-step instructions for running the experiment.
4. Summarize: An accurate description of the expected outcome.
5. Explain why? Words accessible to the child.
Experiments that parents can do at home with their children:
1. What form does water take?
Water has no form and takes the form of the vessel in which it is poured. Have the children pour it into a container of different shapes and sizes. Remember with the children where and how puddles spill
2. Does water have a taste?
Ask before the experiment: “What does the water taste like?”
Then let the children taste the drinking water. Then put a little salt in one glass, sugar in another, stir and let the children try. Ask: “What does the water taste like now?” Explain that water takes on the taste of the substance that is added to it.
3. What does the water smell like?
Before starting the experiment, ask the question: “What does the water smell like?” Give the children three glasses from the previous experiments (clear, with salt, with sugar). Offer to sniff. Then drop into one of them (children should not see this - let them close their eyes), for example, a solution of valerian. Let them sniff. What does this mean? Tell the child that the water begins to smell of the substances that are put in it, for example, apple or currants in compote, meat in broth.
4. Why do plants need water?
Cut branches of fast-growing trees or shrubs (poplar, birch, currant). Take a vessel with water. Examine the branches with the children (they should only be with buds, without leaves) and put them in a vessel of water. Explain that one of the important properties of water is to give life to all living things. Time will pass, and the twigs will come to life, and poplar branches may even take root.
5. Water has no color
Have the children put the potassium permanganate or paint crystals into the glasses and mix thoroughly until they are completely dissolved. And also show them tea, coffee, compote, jelly. Let the guys make sure that the water turns into the color of the substance that is put into the water. Also, show them that the intensity of the color depends on the amount of substance. For example, two crystals of potassium permanganate give a pink color, and ten - purple.
6. Water wets and cleans things
Take a paper napkin and carefully place it in a wide vessel on the surface of the water. Explain that water penetrates the fibers of the fabric and wets it.
Consultation for parents "Drinking water and child health"
Pivovar Valentina Alexandrovna, educator
d / s No. 17, Alekseevka, Belgorod Region
Drinking water is water that is intended for consumption by humans and other creatures. Although many fresh water sources are suitable for human drinking, they can spread disease or cause long-term health problems if they do not meet certain water quality standards. Water that does not harm human health is called drinking water or unpolluted water.
Under the drinking regime, it is customary to understand the rational order of water consumption. Proper drinking regimen provides a normal water-salt balance and creates favorable conditions for the vital activity of the body.
The balance of water, in turn, implies that the human body in the process of life receives from the outside and releases the same amount of water to the outside.
If this balance is disturbed in one direction or another, changes occur up to serious violations of the life process.
With a negative balance, i.e. insufficient intake of water into the body, body weight drops, blood viscosity increases - this disrupts the supply of oxygen and energy to tissues and, as a result, body temperature rises, pulse and breathing become more frequent, thirst and nausea arise, drops performance.
On the other hand, excessive drinking worsens digestion. (gastric juice is too diluted), there is an additional load on the heart (due to excessive blood thinning), sweating increases, the load on the kidneys increases sharply. At the same time, mineral substances begin to be excreted more intensively with sweat and through the kidneys, which disrupts the salt balance.
A person's need for water is determined by many factors and largely depends on the intensity of physical activity, external weather conditions, the nature of nutrition, the composition and properties of clothing.
From the first days of life, the child needs a proper drinking regimen. Pediatricians believe that the baby's body's need for water in the first year of life is up to 150 ml per 1 kg of body weight per day.
The body of a child who is growing constantly needs drinking water, otherwise he will not be able to develop normally. For example, today's schoolchildren look lethargic, get tired quickly with little physical and mental stress. This, first of all, indicates insufficient water supply to the child's brain cells.
For toddlers and preschoolers, drinking water should be natural, environmentally friendly. It is on such water that it is recommended to prepare baby food. When a child is in the stage of active growth, and on top of that he is actively involved in sports, he needs to use high-quality natural drinking water.
A study by pediatricians over the past few years has shown that almost half of children under the age of five who drink water from the tap have problems with the digestive tract. Parents, pediatricians, kindergarten teachers should remember that a child's body is much more sensitive to an unhealthy environment than an adult's body.
For example, an adult-safe percentage of nitrate in water in infants can lead to a disease in which red blood cells cannot carry oxygen in the body. Rickets, delayed child development can also be the consequences of drinking poor-quality drinking water.
Lack of water in the body causes constipation, dysfunction of the urinary tract. Violation of the optimal water balance leads to imbalance and the nervous system of the child. He becomes apathetic, irritable, cannot concentrate, gets tired quickly. In general, and in general, nothing good!
It has been established that the daily requirement for water is 30-40 g per 1 kg of body weight.
The main ways water enters the body are as follows:
- directly as a free liquid (different drinks or liquid food);
- the rest is water that enters the body in the form of food;
- a small amount of water is formed directly in the body as a result of biochemical processes.
The ways of removing water from the body are as follows:
- mainly water is excreted from the body through the kidneys, as well as through sweating;
- part of the water is removed from the body during breathing and through the intestines.
It is necessary to drink clean, unboiled water daily and for life.
Advice for parents
"Drinking water and child health"
Drinking water is water that is intended for consumption by humans and other creatures. Although many fresh water sources are suitable for human drinking, they can spread disease or cause long-term health problems if they do not meet certain water quality standards. Water that does not harm human health is called drinking water or unpolluted water.
Under the drinking regime, it is customary to understand the rational order of water consumption. Proper drinking regimen provides a normal water-salt balance and creates favorable conditions for the vital activity of the body.
The balance of water, in turn, implies that the human body in the process of life receives from the outside and releases the same amount of water to the outside.
If this balance is disturbed in one direction or another, changes occur up to serious violations of the life process.
With a negative balance, i.e. insufficient intake of water into the body, body weight drops, blood viscosity increases - this disrupts the supply of oxygen and energy to tissues and, as a result, body temperature rises, pulse and breathing become more frequent, thirst and nausea arise, drops performance.
On the other hand, excessive drinking worsens digestion.(gastric juice is too diluted)(due to excessive blood thinning), sweating increases, the load on the kidneys increases sharply. At the same time, mineral substances begin to be excreted more intensively with sweat and through the kidneys, which disrupts the salt balance.
A person's need for water is determined by many factors and largely depends on the intensity of physical activity, external weather conditions, the nature of nutrition, the composition and properties of clothing.
From the first days of life, the child needs a proper drinking regimen. Pediatricians believe that the baby's body's need for water in the first year of life is up to 150 ml per 1 kg of body weight per day.
The body of a child who is growing constantly needs drinking water, otherwise he will not be able to develop normally. For example, today's schoolchildren look lethargic, get tired quickly with little physical and mental stress. This, first of all, indicates insufficient water supply to the child's brain cells.
For toddlers and preschoolers, drinking water should be natural, environmentally friendly. It is on such water that it is recommended to prepare baby food. When a child is in the stage of active growth, and on top of that he is actively involved in sports, he needs to use high-quality natural drinking water.
A study by pediatricians over the past few years has shown that almost half of children under the age of five who drink water from the tap have problems with the digestive tract. Parents, pediatricians, kindergarten teachers should remember that a child's body is much more sensitive to an unhealthy environment than an adult's body.
For example, an adult-safe percentage of nitrate in water in infants can lead to a disease in which red blood cells cannot carry oxygen in the body. Rickets, delayed child development can also be the consequences of drinking poor-quality drinking water.
Lack of water in the body causes constipation, dysfunction of the urinary tract. Violation of the optimal water balance leads to imbalance and the nervous system of the child. He becomes apathetic, irritable, cannot concentrate, gets tired quickly. In general, and in general, nothing good!
It has been established that the daily requirement for water is 30-40 g per 1 kg of body weight.
The main ways water enters the body are as follows:
- directly as a free liquid(different drinks or liquid food);
- the rest is water that enters the body in the form of food;
- a small amount of water is formed directly in the body as a result of biochemical processes.
The ways of removing water from the body are as follows:
- mainly water is excreted from the body through the kidneys, as well as through sweating;
- part of the water is removed from the body during breathing and through the intestines.
