Newspaper articles about patriotic education. Patriotic education of junior schoolchildren by means of folk pedagogy

Lecturer - organizer

Maksimova Galina Ivanovna

Military-patriotic education in the lessons of life safety

and in extracurricular activities

One of the important tasks of the state is the military-patriotic education of young people, which is based on the preparation of young people of the country for service in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the education of love for the army, the formation of a high sense of pride in belonging to Russia, constant readiness to defend the Motherland. The problem of patriotic education of youth is more relevant than ever. In the context of the loss of traditional Russian patriotic consciousness by our society, the widespread indifference, cynicism, aggressiveness and the decline in the prestige of military service, a significant part of conscripts do not have a positive motivation for conscientious military service. Many of them perceive it as an unpleasant inevitability and a thankless duty that should be performed only in order to avoid criminal liability. Involvement in the defense of the Motherland, pride in belonging to the Armed Forces, military honor and dignity - these concepts are losing their significance in the eyes of draft youth.

A school graduate, a future defender of the Fatherland, must be a highly educated, physically developed young man with high moral principles.

The task of military-patriotic education of the younger generation is among the priorities today, but it is one thing to declare it publicly and quite another to comprehend it and take concrete steps. Thus, the purpose of my teaching of life safety is to prepare physically and morally developed young people who could adapt in a changing world.

When drawing up the plan, I try to work in close cooperation with the director of the school, physical education teachers, class teachers, subject teachers, and take into account the recommendations of the military commissariat.

In the "Fundamentals of military service and life safety" classes, students get acquainted with the specifics of military labor, prepare to perform the duties of a soldier, learn the features of military service, and cultivate the qualities necessary for the defender of the Motherland. They get acquainted and learn the techniques of combat training and the implementation of exercises in applied physical training.

Classes are held on the following topics: drill, tactical training, physical training, regulations of the armed forces, fire training. As a result, many have changed their negative attitude towards service in the Armed Forces.

The development of communication skills, the education of a culture of behavior and communication, a culture of leisure, students receive through the organization of evenings of rest, visits to museums, cinemas. Therefore, I believe that extracurricular activities of students have a great influence on the result in military-patriotic education. Our school conducts extracurricular work on military-patriotic education.

It has become a tradition at the school to hold a month of military-patriotic work dedicated to the Defender of the Fatherland Day, a month of "Fire Safety", holding the Day of the Conscript, the Watch of Memory, Victory Day, the military sports game "Zarnitsa".

In the course of work on civic-patriotic education, other traditions were born: patronage of burial places and monuments, assistance to veterans. All events within the framework of the month begin and end with a solemn line, where first waybills with planned events are distributed, and at the end diplomas and gifts are awarded. All this leaves an indelible mark on the souls of the guys.

The children really like contests of various form and content, so they participate with interest in the military sports game “Come on, guys!”, “Power quadrathlon”, “Shooting tournament”, in the military sports game “Russia's Faithful Sons! ". It has become traditional to conduct Operation Memory (laying flowers at the monument to the Pavlovtsy who died in the Second World War), congratulating veterans at home, publishing wall newspapers dedicated to the anniversaries of great battles, anniversaries of the Great commanders, the exploits of fellow countrymen - Heroes of the Second World War, Defender of the Fatherland Day, decorating the corner " Our graduates in the defense of the Fatherland.

Work on civic-patriotic education is carried out all year round. Young men attend various school circles and sections, as well as sports sections on the basis of a sports and recreation complex. In search of rational ways and means of military-patriotic education of students, various events were developed and war veterans, home front workers, reserve servicemen, representatives of the military commissariat were involved in working with students, which helps to cultivate diligence, a sense of civic duty, and readiness for protection using specific examples of patriotic deeds. Motherland.

The system of civil and patriotic education of students provides for the formation of the development of socially significant values ​​​​of citizenship and patriotism in the process of education, training at school; mass patriotic work organized and carried out jointly with government agencies, social movements and organizations.

The patriotic education of schoolchildren is a systematic and purposeful activity to form in students a high patriotic consciousness, a sense of loyalty to their Fatherland, readiness to fulfill civic duty and constitutional obligations to protect the interests of the Motherland. The most important acquisition of a person in the period of childhood and apprenticeship is faith in himself, faith in what he knows and can do, self-esteem. These qualities must be formed in the process of patriotic education through various means and methods. The heroic struggle, the exploits of the best sons of the Fatherland should become the basis of patriotic education. When talking about heroic personalities, it is necessary to emphasize their moral principles and motives for their actions, as this can affect the soul of a child.

The leading role in the patriotic education of students is played by the school Museum of Military History, where students, together with the leader:

They collect material about teachers who worked at School No. 2, participants in the military events of 1941-1945.

Gather material about graduates who served in Afghanistan and Chechnya.

The Museum conducts Courage lessons, lessons on the history of the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars for students. The Museum has a permanent guide Yundina R.M., who speaks to students and guests of the school and conducts tours of the Museum's expositions. Traditionally, the Museum hosts excursions and discussions on the following topics: - the first director of Beloshevsky A.L. - participant of the Great Patriotic War; "The teachers and graduates of our school are the defenders of the Fatherland."

Many victories on account of our warriors. Our country has always been famous and is famous for its heroes. Love for one's Motherland, for one's Fatherland raised people to exploits. 1941 - the inhabitants of the city of Krasny Sulin also stood up to defend the Motherland, among them were students of our school. Members of the search teams found and met with veterans, participants in the war. And today, photographs of war veterans take pride of place in our school museum: Kutsenko Nikolai Andreevich, Ryadnov Petr Stefanovich, Grabovich Ivan Georgievich, Fateev Vasily Ivanovich, Shapovalov Ivan Grigorievich, Demkin Nikolai Grigorievich, Guzeeva Lidia Vasilievna, Beloshevsky Anatoly Leontievich, Bondarenko Tikhon Ivanovich,

Chebotarev Alexey Konstantinovich. Their names have become symbols of courage and honor for us.

Visiting the school museum and getting acquainted with the biography of the hero of the Russian Federation cosmonaut Major General Korzun Valery Grigoryevich, a graduate of our school, students cultivate discipline, courage, physical qualities and a positive attitude towards learning. Many guys thought about choosing a profession.

Attending classes on the "Fundamentals of military service and life safety" in combination with military-patriotic education has a positive effect on students. Already in the lower grades, students comprehend such concepts as "Motherland", "Feat", "Patriot", "Warrior-Liberator", learn about the victories of the Russian people. High school students become more disciplined, the general physical level rises, bearing and composure improve, there is an interest in choosing not only a military profession, but also a civilian one.

In conclusion, I would like to say that our work, the work of the entire teaching staff of the school on military-patriotic education, requires further improvement, deepening in all areas, the main result of which, the graduate of the school is a patriot, a reliable future defender of the Motherland! Profession - to defend the Motherland will forever remain socially significant for all generations of Russians, full of high, noble meaning.

Keywords: education, student, patriotic education, personality development, moral values, citizenship.

In accordance with the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation”, legal regulation of issues related to the education of students, including patriotic education, is provided for. State policy and legal regulation of relations in the field of education are based, among other things, on the humanistic nature of education, the priority of human life and health, the free development of the individual, the education of citizenship, diligence, responsibility, respect for the law, the rights and freedoms of the individual, patriotism, respect for nature and the environment, rational use of natural resources (Article 3). A separate article 86 is devoted to training in additional general developmental educational programs aimed at preparing underage students for military or other public service, in general educational organizations, professional educational organizations. The specified article provides that within the framework of training in educational programs of basic general and secondary general education, integrated with additional general developmental programs aimed at preparing underage students for military or other public service, including the public service of the Russian Cossacks, relevant general educational organizations are created with special names "Presidential Cadet School", "Suvorov Military School", "Nakhimov Naval School", "Cadet (Naval Cadet) Military Corps", "Cadet School", "Cadet (Naval Cadet) Corps", "Cossack Cadet Corps" ”and professional educational organizations with the special name “military music school”.

At present, the tasks of improving the public-state system of civil, patriotic and spiritual and moral education of children and youth, the formation of a socially active personality of a citizen and patriot, who has a sense of national pride, civic dignity, love for the Fatherland, his people and readiness to defend it and fulfillment of constitutional obligations are resolved within the framework of the implementation of the state program "Patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation for 2011-2015", approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 5, 2010 No. 795.

The following activities are implemented within the framework of the program:

- All-Russian creative competition of research works on a patriotic orientation among students;
- All-Russian creative competition of term papers, diploma works related to the heroic past of Russia, the most important events in the life of the people;
– All-Russian competition of teaching aids “Raising Patriots of Russia”;
- All-Russian gathering of leaders of youth guards of honor of posts No. 1 at memorial complexes and military graves;
– All-Russian competition of student works “The Great Patriotic War in the fate of my family”;
– All-Russian student forum “The Great Victory of a Great Country”;
- the final of the military sports game "Victory" (in 2014, it was held in the Tula region on the basis of the 106th Guards Airborne Division of the Red Banner Order of Kutuzov, gathered more than 500 participants from 54 constituent entities of the Russian Federation);
– organization of the work of specialized detachments for the improvement of military graves and the conduct of search operations in the battlefields of the Great Patriotic War;
- All-Russian month of defense-mass work, dedicated to the Defender of the Fatherland Day and others.

In order to analyze the involvement of citizens of the Russian Federation in the system of patriotic education, the state of implementation of modern forms, methods and means of educational work into the activities of the organizers and specialists of patriotic education, the development of the material and technical base of patriotic education in educational, labor, creative and military teams and public associations, monitoring the activities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in civil-patriotic and spiritual-moral education, according to which the share of young citizens participating in patriotic education activities carried out as part of the implementation of regional programs for patriotic education or pre-conscription training of youth, in relation to the total number of young citizens in the country is about 22%.

One of the effective forms of work with young people of pre-conscription age is the organization of the work of defense sports camps, the total number of which, according to the monitoring results, was about 1500. The number of educational organizations and clubs that were awarded honorary names in honor of the heroes of the Soviet Union and the heroes of Russia amounted to 1122 organizations.

In the 2013/14 academic year, 178 cadet institutions functioned in the education system of the Russian Federation (they enrolled 60,750 students), including 155 cadet institutions in urban areas (they enrolled 57,008 students) and 23 cadet institutions in rural areas (in 3,742 students were enrolled in them). In order to preserve the continuity of generations and the traditions of patriotic education among the Cossack youth, a review competition for the title of "The Best Cossack Cadet Corps" and the All-Russian military sports game "Cossack Flash" are held. In 2014, 30 educational organizations (13 in 2010, 20 in 2011, 28 in 2012, and 23 in 2013) participated in the competition for the title of "The Best Cossack Cadet Corps", carrying out the educational process using cultural and historical traditions of the Cossacks.

Centers for civic and patriotic education of children and youth play an important role in shaping young people's active life position, civil and moral qualities, readiness to participate in socially useful activities and protect the state interests of the country. Such centers of military patriotic education operate in 64 subjects of the Russian Federation. In 19 constituent entities, work is underway to create such centers, which is planned for completion in 2014-2015. As part of their activities, the centers:

- organize the holding of regional physical culture and sports events aimed at the spiritual, moral, patriotic education of citizens, promotion of military service;
- coordinate the work on organizing the activities of specialized classes of voluntary training for military service, including the organization and holding of summer defense and sports camps;
- coordinate the work of zonal centers of military-patriotic education and pre-conscription training of young people for military service operating in the region;
- organize methodological work and advanced training of specialists in military-patriotic education;
- together with the bodies exercising management in the field of education, and the military commissariat, they take part in organizing training camps with citizens studying in the basics of military service.

More than 524 military-patriotic additional education programs are being implemented in regional centers. There are more than 20 thousand patriotic associations, clubs, centers in the country, including children's and youth, all-Russian events are being implemented, which will allow, while maintaining the emerging trends, to increase the coverage of youth with the patriotic education system by 1.5-1.7 times.

A positive trend in patriotic education is an increase in the number of young people participating in all-Russian projects and actions for military-patriotic and civil-patriotic education (All-Russian action "Memory Watch", All-Russian youth patriotic action "St. George's Ribbon", All-Russian project "Our Common Victory", All-Russian project "The Great Forgotten War"). Every year, since 2010, the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia has been implementing the All-Russian project "Our Common Victory". The goal of the project is to form a video archive of the memories of veterans of the Great Patriotic War, which will subsequently be transferred to the State Archive of the Russian Federation and placed on the Internet in free access, as well as to involve young people and veterans in joint social activities. The project is the largest video archive of eyewitnesses of the events of the Great Patriotic War and serves as a tool to counter attempts to falsify history to the detriment of Russia's interests. In February 2014, the All-Russian project "The Great Forgotten War" was opened in Moscow at the Museum of the Great Patriotic War on Poklonnaya Hill.

Currently, the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia is working on the development of a draft state program "Patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation for 2016-2020".

In the 2014/15 academic year, a significant part of the events is dedicated to the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.

List of sources used

1. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 5, 2010 No. 795 “On the state program “Patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation for 2011-2015” [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.rg.ru/2010/10/11/patrioty-sitedok.html (date of access: 04/03/2015).
2. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 20, 2012 No. 1416 “On improving the state policy in the field of patriotic education” [Electronic resource]. URL: http://base.garant.ru/70244894/ (date of access: 2.09.2014).
3. Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" dated December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.rg.ru/2012/12/30/obrazovanie-dok.html (date of access: 07/14/2015).

Scientific article on the topic “Patriotic education of modern youth” updated: October 22, 2017 by: Scientific Articles.Ru

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The article discusses the state of patriotic education in modern Russia, reveals various approaches to the concept of patriotism, its role in the political, social and spiritual life of the country. The models and technologies of education of patriotism among students are analyzed in the works of researchers G.V. Agapova, M.P. Buzsky, I.N. Glazunova, A.V. Glazunov, V.P. Lukyanova and others. The role of national history in the education of students of patriotic feelings and values ​​is considered. The situation in the Crimea plays a special role in this. The position of the President of the Russian Federation on this issue is given, as well as the opinions of domestic politicians V.Sh. Kaganova, N.I. Bulaeva, A.V. Mitrofanov. The article provides a brief historical background on the history of the Crimea, its cultural values ​​and traditions. The significance of the reunification of the Crimea with Russia in the formation of patriotism among students of secondary school age, as well as the field of education as an institution for the development of the patriotic worldview of schoolchildren, is analyzed.

patriotism

education

patriotic education

students

National history

referendum

reunification of Crimea with Russia

1. Butorina T.S. Raising patriotism by means of education / T.S. Butorina, N.P. Ovchinnikova - St. Petersburg: KARO, 2004. - 224 p.

2. Vygodsky L.S. Moral education. – M.: Ped. psychology, 1991.

3. Zamostyanov A.A. Enlightenment and patriotism // Public Education. - 2002. - No. 4. - S. 183-189.

4. Statement by Vladimir Putin on the Crimea and Sevastopol // Rossiyskaya gazeta: Internet portal. 2014. URL: http://www.rg.ru/2014/03/18/obrashenie.html (accessed 03/18/2014).

5. Kasimova T.A. Patriotic education of schoolchildren: Methodological guide / T.A. Kasimova, D.E. Yakovlev. – M.: Iris-press, 2005. – 64 p.

The search for ways to develop our country showed that in Russia at the beginning of the XXI century. as one of the main national ideas is the idea of ​​patriotic education of schoolchildren. The largest politicians, writers, scientists addressed the issue of the need to form patriotic views and values ​​among the younger generation. This is explained by the fact that the process of Russia's historical development took place in the conditions of a struggle for its identity and upholding national interests.

Today in our country there is an attempt to form a new social model, which will be based on the values ​​of patriotism. It is no coincidence that new, modern definitions of the term patriotism have recently begun to appear, which reflect phenomena that do not depend on time, country, socio-economic and political situation. Here are some of its definitions:

Feeling of attachment to the country of birth and residence, expressed in the willingness to create and sacrifice personal good for the public good;

One of the powerful bonds of any social organization, with the decay of which its death begins;

The ability to rebuild the country as a world power;

The personification of love for one's Motherland, participation in its history, nature, achievements, problems, attractive and inseparable due to its uniqueness and irreplaceability, constituting the spiritual and moral basis of the individual, forming her civic position and the need for worthy, selfless, up to self-sacrifice, service Fatherland.

Indeed, in recent years, the interest of researchers in the problems of patriotic education of children and youth has been growing. The search for effective models and technologies for educating patriotism among schoolchildren is being activated (G.V. Agapova, M.P. Buzsky, I.N. Glazunova, V.A. Dantsky, A.V. Komarov, G.A. Konovalova, V.P. Lukyanova, M.A. Osipenko, R.L. Rozhdestvenskaya). In their works, they attempted to reflect the problems associated with the formation of patriotism among the younger generation throughout the centuries-old Russian history. In particular, it is noted that in Russia the tradition of patriotism has deep roots. In the minds and mentality of Russians, as a Eurasian people, the public has always prevailed over the personal; patriotism in Russia has always been understood as a willingness to sacrifice personal interests for the good of the Fatherland. The upbringing of patriotism and a sense of national pride and national dignity among young people has been characteristic of Russia for centuries.

Back in the middle of the last century, according to L.S. Vygotsky, patriotism included:

Feeling of attachment to the places where a person was born and raised;

Respect for the language of their people;

Caring for the interests of the Motherland;

Awareness of the duty to the Motherland, upholding its honor and dignity, freedom and independence (defence of the Fatherland);

Manifestation of civic feelings and loyalty to the Motherland;

Pride in the social and cultural achievements of one's country;

Pride for one's Fatherland, for the symbols of the state, for one's people;

Respect for the historical past of the Motherland, its people, its customs and traditions;

Responsibility for the fate of the Motherland and its people, their future, expressed in the desire to devote their work, the ability to strengthen the power and flourishing of the Motherland;

Humanism, mercy, universal values.

It is difficult to disagree with this opinion. The patriotic education of the younger generation has always been one of the most important tasks of the school. In general, patriotic education is traditionally understood as the gradual and steady formation of students' love for their homeland.

Being a patriot means feeling like an integral part of the Fatherland. This complex feeling arises in childhood, when the foundations of a value-based attitude to the world around are laid. But like any other feeling, patriotism is acquired independently and experienced individually. It is directly related to the spirituality of a person, his depth.

Of particular importance in patriotic education is the study of national history by teenagers, during which they comprehend the historical past of the people, form a value attitude to national culture and history, which determines their civic position.

Patriotic education begins with the definition by teachers - teachers of history - of the value of knowing the history of the Fatherland, its culture. Love for the native language, the national culture of one's people, knowledge of the history of one's homeland are one of the main components of instilling a sense of patriotism. The modern methodology contains a large number of documents and materials that make it possible to successfully solve the problem of patriotic education of students.

The tasks of patriotic education in the concept of second generation standards:

Socialization of schoolchildren, the formation of a civic culture, familiarization with the values ​​​​of a democratic, rule of law state, the formation of a civil society;

Education of patriotism and citizenship on the example of involvement in the fate of their homeland.

The concept of approaches to patriotic education in the study of history in the light of the latest developments of the laboratory of theory and methods of education includes the following ways:

1) integration of subjects of the humanitarian cycle;

2) in-depth study of historical material based on modern historical research and their philosophical analysis;

3) actualization of historical events with the phenomena and problems of the modern world;

4) the theoretical validity of the activation of students in the process of historical knowledge, in the development of historical thinking, consciousness, historical memory.

In the education of patriotism and citizenship, it is of great importance for students to realize the essence and the most important aspects of the manifestation of these qualities and their deep emotional experience. It is on this basis that the feeling of love for the Motherland grows stronger in schoolchildren, views, beliefs and attitudes of behavior are developed. The efforts of teachers and class teachers are aimed primarily at enriching students with knowledge related to the understanding of various aspects of patriotism and citizenship.

Thus, the education of patriotic feelings among students becomes an organic component of pedagogical activity, integrated into the overall process of learning and development. The teaching of the history of the Fatherland has always been aimed at instilling patriotism and civic responsibility in students. Learning the history of their homeland, experiencing a sense of pride in it, students strive to be like its heroes. The education in schoolchildren of love for the Motherland, for humanity, respect for parents, for the most important human norms is an important stage in the formation of patriotism and citizenship.

In this regard, the situation in the Crimea is of particular relevance. The transition of Crimea to Russia gradually affects all spheres of people's lives. Education is no exception. Deputy Minister of Education of the Russian Federation V.Sh. Kaganov considers it important to convey to students the meaning of what is happening now in the Crimea and Ukraine, as well as the meaning of Russia's actions in these areas. Conversations on this topic are, according to V.Sh. Kaganov, another step towards civic consciousness.

On March 16, 2014, a referendum on its legal status was held in Crimea. The referendum was held in accordance with democratic principles and international legal norms. More than 82% of voters took part in the voting. More than 96% were in favor of reunification with Russia.

March 21, 2014 the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin signed the Federal Constitutional Law "On the admission of the Republic of Crimea to the Russian Federation and the formation of new subjects within the Russian Federation - the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol." As President V.V. Putin in his address to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, in the heart, in the minds of people, Crimea has always been and remains an integral part of Russia. “This conviction, based on truth and justice, was unshakable, passed down from generation to generation, both time and circumstances were powerless before it. Crimea is also a unique fusion of cultures and traditions of different nations. And in this way it is so similar to big Russia, where not a single ethnic group has disappeared or dissolved for centuries. Russians and Ukrainians, Crimean Tatars and representatives of other nations lived and worked side by side on the Crimean land, preserving their identity, traditions, language and faith,” the head of state said.

Its numerous monuments of culture and history reflect historical events, culture and religion of different historical eras. Here, for many centuries, different peoples lived, fought, made peace and traded, cities were built and destroyed, significant historical events took place. At the end of the 10th century, the Russian prince Vladimir was baptized in ancient Chersonese. For a long time, the Ottoman Empire attacked the Crimea.

In 1954, the Crimea was transferred to the Ukrainian SSR according to the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, thus, the Constitution of the RSFSR was violated. With the collapse of the USSR in 1991, Crimea finally became part of Ukraine.

On March 21, 2014, Crimea finally became part of Russia. As noted by the Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Information Policy, Information Technologies and Communications A.V. Mitrofanov, the reunification of Crimea with Russia was the restoration of historical justice, since Crimea for millions of people is a part of their lives. Therefore, Crimea is a very serious topic today.

According to the deputy of the State Duma, the first deputy head of the United Russia faction in the State Duma N.I. Bulaev, it is important for Russian schoolchildren to know how these decisions were made, as well as to know the assessments of those people who participated in this process.

Director of the Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences Academician A.D. Sakharov believes that talking about the situation in Crimea will help children remove distortions from Russian history, since for many years the history of the annexation of Crimea to Ukraine has been subjected to some kind of distortion. HELL. Sakharov especially emphasizes that today it is necessary to show children the dramatic, complex, problematic history of the Crimea and its gradual entry into Russia through conquests, through the blood of a Russian soldier, through the exploits of our army under the leadership of Rumyantsev, Kutuzov, Suvorov, Ushakov. This can be done in the form of explanatory conversations with students, holding thematic class hours, subject weeks, meetings with veterans of the Great Patriotic War, internationalist soldiers.

Russian President Vladimir Putin called on experts to include events related to the entry of Crimea into Russia into the new school history textbook. This proposal was made by a member of the ONF Viktor Oganesyan. According to him, "using the example of Sevastopol and the example of Crimea, it would be possible to raise the patriotic education of Russia to some new level." As the activist noted, “this requires a very good history textbook, in which the history of Sevastopol and Crimea will be presented in full, honestly and voluminously.”

"Certainly. I am sure that it will be so,” the President replied. According to Putin, "this is what we can and should educate our young people on." “Therefore, I think that in the hearts of many Russians, Sevastopol is one of the brightest images of victory in the broadest and most direct sense of the word,” the head of state stressed.

Thus, the education of patriotism is a rather multifaceted and complex task that requires a responsible attitude towards it. The school is one of the most important institutions for the development of a patriotic worldview in the life of a modern person, providing the necessary basis for the further development of the individual. Patriotic education in the modern school is a factor in the consolidation of the whole society, a source and means of the spiritual, political and economic revival of the country, its state integrity and security.

Reviewers:

Aleksandrova N.S., Doctor of Pediatric Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Science and Postgraduate Studies, Head of the Department of Pedagogy, Vyatka Socio-Economic Institute, Kirov;

Mauri A.A., Doctor of Pedagogy, Associate Professor of the Department of Pedagogy, Vyatka Socio-Economic Institute, Kirov.

The work was received by the editors on October 28, 2014.

Bibliographic link

Darovskikh I.S. EDUCATION OF PATRIOTISM AMONG SCHOOLCHILDREN ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE FACT OF THE REUNION OF CRIMEA WITH RUSSIA // Fundamental Research. - 2014. - No. 11-8. - S. 1799-1802;
URL: http://fundamental-research.ru/ru/article/view?id=35850 (date of access: 09/30/2019). We bring to your attention the journals published by the publishing house "Academy of Natural History"

/  Raising patriotism in children

How does your child spell the word "homeland"? Capital or small letter? Of course, this does not speak of true feelings for his native country. So is it necessary to educate a child in love for our region, city, Russian Federation? And who should be engaged in patriotic education: parents or teachers? Let's talk about everything in detail in our article.

You will learn everything about the patriotic upbringing of your child. We will talk about when, why and who should instill love for the motherland.

What is patriotism?

Patriotism is called both the motherland for a particular person in general, and the feeling of devotion to one's fatherland, love for the Motherland, the desire to serve its interests, to protect it from enemies.

Patriotic education can be given a dozen definitions, but we will focus on the one that, in our opinion, best reflects the essence of this process. So, patriotic education is a systematic activity of state authorities and organizations to form citizens of a high patriotic consciousness, a sense of loyalty to their homeland, readiness to fulfill civic duty and constitutional obligations to protect the interests of the country.

But if everything is clear with adults: someone received a portion of patriotism in the army, someone professionally studied history and military affairs - many factors could influence an adult, then how to tell a child that loving Russia is good. And does it need to be done?

Recent statistics show that in our time, the younger generation has a tight sense of patriotism: polls in schools, sections among children of different ages show that young people are not particularly interested in their homeland, its fate, history. And the feeling of love for her practically disappeared from the radar.

How to instill a love for school in a child? Read our article!

Today this topic is very relevant. Until quite recently, the problem of instilling patriotism was not as acute as it is now. A lot of attention was paid to it, but there was no special and so obvious need for this, because children with mother's milk absorbed the concepts of “Motherland”, “great power”, “we, the Soviet people” ... Previously, the student looked at the map of the USSR and thought: "I live in the biggest, most powerful, best country." Such a consciousness was instilled in us not only under the Soviet regime, it was steeply mixed for centuries and suddenly - a shock. Today, the picture has changed and our children see a completely different country.

The sense of patriotism has almost completely atrophied in our children. This manifests itself in everything: in the notebooks they choose with foreign covers, in the adoration of Western music and movies, in the use of whistles and exclamations, as American teenagers do, and so on.

Dispassionate sociological cuts fix the deformation of deep human values ​​among young people. When asked what, in their opinion, is the most important thing in life for young people, 17-year-old boys and girls answered:

• money - 32.7%;
• business career and education - 20%;
• get more pleasure from life - 18.7%.

Eternal values ​​have collected such figures:

• love - 5.1%;
• actions for the future of Russia - 4.4%;
• ideals and faith - 2.7%.

A sociological study was conducted among school students, which showed that teenagers aged 11-14 consider the highest values ​​(in descending order):

• health;
• parents;
• happiness;
• money;
• love;
• a life;
• nature;
• mom-92%;
• 2% answered “I don't know”.

To the question “The most important thing in life is...”, the following answers were given:

• health;
• my family;
• parents;
• studies;
• happiness;
• mum;
• kindness to others;
• love;
• the people around you;
• finish the school year well
• have a dog;
• life itself;
• Attention.

From these data, we can conclude that the feeling of patriotism in children is very weak, the personal concerns of our students lie mainly in the area of ​​their own “I”. And, nevertheless, the upbringing of love for the Motherland can be carried out every minute - by parents, reading "classics", watching our films, television programs that tell about events and people that we can be proud of, about eternal values: love for our land, national roots.

Children more often hear that the world is ruled by money. The media, television, newspapers and the Internet seem to be competing in who will present some “zest” faster and more scandalously. What should a teacher do in such a situation? What to oppose information that is detrimental to the mind and soul and the terrible reality that climbs through all windows and doors? How to make the idea of ​​serving the Fatherland the highest element of the national consciousness, to teach “to devote souls to the Fatherland with wonderful impulses...”?

We must solve this difficult problem to the best of our strength and capabilities.

So what is "patriotism"? Let's give some definitions.

• Patriotism (from the Greek patris) - homeland, fatherland and devotion to one's fatherland, love for the motherland, the desire to serve its interests, protect it from enemies.
• Patriotism is the personification of love for one's Motherland, involvement with its history, nature, achievements, problems. Patriotism is a kind of foundation of social and state systems, the spiritual and moral basis of their viability and effective functioning.
• Patriotism is the formation of a civic position and the need for worthy, selfless, up to self-sacrifice, service to the Fatherland.

What then is patriotic education?

• Patriotic education is a systematic and purposeful activity of state authorities and organizations to form citizens of a high patriotic consciousness, a sense of loyalty to their Fatherland, readiness to fulfill their civic duty and constitutional duties to protect the interests of the Motherland.

Let's get acquainted with the fundamental principles of patriotic education:

• scientific character;
• humanism;
• democracy;
• priority of historical and cultural heritage, spiritual values ​​and traditions of the Motherland;
• consistency;
• continuity and continuity in the development of youth;
• variety of forms, methods and means;
• individual approach.

The main tasks of patriotic education are:

1. Raising a sense of patriotism, the formation of loyalty to the motherland in the younger generation, readiness to serve the Fatherland and protect it.
2. Study of the history and culture of the Fatherland and native land.
3. Participation in the preparation and holding of events to perpetuate the memory of the defenders of the Fatherland.
4. Counteraction to manifestations of political and religious extremism among the youth.
5. Transfer and development of the best traditions of the Russian army.
6. Physical development of youth and children, the formation of a healthy lifestyle.

This diverse and interesting work can be carried out in various areas of activity:

1. Promotion of national history and culture.
2. Development and implementation of elements and forms of civil-patriotic education in the system of general education schools and additional education.
3. Development of the system of relations between the army and youth.
4. The development of various forms of civil and patriotic education in summer camps and the functioning of clubs at the place of residence.
5. Support for the activities of associations aimed at the restoration, restoration and maintenance of historical, cultural and architectural monuments, memorial complexes.
6. Education in the younger generation of love for the Fatherland, pride in the victories and achievements of older generations to ensure the security and stable development of the state, responsibility for the future of the Fatherland.
7. Support and development of youth initiatives in the development of military professions, the study of military history and military affairs.
8. Preparing young people for military service, raising the prestige of the profession of defender of the Fatherland.
9. Identification of innovative forms and directions of work on civil-patriotic education of youth.
10. Assistance to veterans, families of those killed in the line of military duty.
11. About conducting events related to memorable days, events in the history of the native land, the military glory of Russia, the military traditions of the army and navy.

At present, the system of patriotic education of children and adolescents is being revived in our country, in which, in addition to traditional tasks, it became necessary to guide children to the choice of the profession of a lifeguard, social worker, firefighter, law enforcement officer.

The state has realized that this topic is very important, and the work in this area is taken under state control: a legal framework has been developed, on which it is necessary to rely in their work.

Patriotic feelings do not arise in people by themselves. The environment, the way of life in the family, relationships in the school team - all this forms patriotism. The patriotism of the people is the strength of the state. Any society needs courageous, courageous, enterprising, disciplined, literate people who would be ready to work, study for its benefit, and, if necessary, stand up for its defense.