Consultation for teachers on the system of work on traffic rules. Guidelines for educators on teaching children the rules of the road

Olga Mikhailovna

Target: note educators organizing work with children preschool age according to the rules of the road.

"Red man - we stand, green man - we go".

In most families, with this phrase, parents begin to explain traffic rules for your children. On modern streets, the number of cars is increasing every day, and, accordingly, the number of accidents. Therefore, today this issue has become even more relevant and acute. So, the child should learn as efficiently as possible for his age. The first assistants in this are, of course, parents and preschool teachers educational institutions.

What should a child learn in order to develop skills proper behavior on the street? This includes many factors. Children must learn to understand what is a party traffic what are the elements roads(road, carriageway, sidewalk, pedestrian crossing, roadside, intersection). It is very good if children can distinguish between types of vehicles (bus, tram, trolley bus, passenger car and truck, bicycle, motorcycle). Also, the children need to be told about the means of regulation movements and traffic light colors. Little pedestrians should know traffic rules on sidewalks and roadsides and regulations roadway crossing. important in the learning process traffic rules for preschoolers is and study rules of conduct, boarding and disembarking in public transport. And the main thing that children should remember and understand is that in no case should they go for a walk without adults.

In the case when parents are involved in training, the best option would be unobtrusive stories during walks, visually using traffic situations. The child needs to be told in his own words about traffic rules and only to the extent that he is able to absorb. Walking down the street with a baby, you need to talk with him about the types of vehicles that are nearby at that moment, explain their features. When crossing the street, you need to mention how and where you can right cross the roadway, remember how and where you can not do this. Effective on the process perception child information about traffic rules will be affected by an indication of pedestrians or drivers who these the rules were broken.

A very important point in learning is the development of spatial representation and understanding of speed. movements. The child must learn to navigate in space, understanding such concepts as close, far, left, on right, behind, along movements. The baby also needs correctly perceive and speed of movement both transport and pedestrians: fast, slow, turns, stops.

In the learning process, it is very important not to frighten the child with the street and transport. After all, such fear is just as dangerous for the baby as carelessness or inattention. On the contrary, it is necessary to develop attention, composure, responsibility, confidence and caution in it. A very effective method of teaching children traffic rules is also reading them poems, riddles, children's books on safety movements.

The challenge is to educate preschoolers traffic rules also lies with the teachers. preschool educational institutions. It consists in providing basic knowledge and high-quality preparation of children for school, because very often first-graders have to go to school on their own. should be presented to children in a system that includes classes, walks, excursions and observations. All knowledge should be communicated to children, taking into account their age and environmental conditions. Gradually, they should be supplemented, complicated and refined. In order to consolidate the acquired knowledge, children's gaming activities should be organized, during which they learn to apply the acquired knowledge in practice.

When teaching children preschool educational institutions traffic rules there must be a variety of methodological materials. This is children's fiction and methodical literature, abstracts directly organized educational activities, paintings, posters, manuals, didactic games, multimedia.

It is very good if special parking lots are equipped on the territory of the kindergarten, which are a small copy of roads with several types of intersections. With game vehicles (bicycles, pedal cars, scooters) in such playgrounds, children receive practical knowledge about traffic rules and road signs.

Exists traffic rules for preschoolers also for guided tours educators and parents. When on foot movements children are usually built in two rows, they go only along the sidewalk or the roadside. go over road necessary only in the right places, while educator gotta stand in the middle roads hold the red flag until all children have crossed to the other side.

Whoever taught the children traffic rules whether parents or preschool teachers educational institutions, it is important to remember that the greatest influence on the formation of a child's behavior on the street has the corresponding behavior of adults. After all, it’s not enough just to read, tell, teach a child, you need to show him how to behave properly on the street. Otherwise, any purposeful learning is meaningless.

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Consultation for educators "What should the educator know about the rules of the road?" Consultation for educators "What should a tutor know about the rules of the road?"According to statistics, daily on the roads of Russia.

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1 Guidelines for educators on teaching children the rules of the road. Each educator should know the rules of the road well in order to competently conduct educational work with children and parents, to ensure their own safety. 1. Pedestrians are allowed to walk only on sidewalks, keeping to the right side 2. Where there are no sidewalks, you need to walk along the edge of the carriageway, along the left side of the road, towards the traffic in order to see moving vehicles and move to the side in time 3. Pedestrians are required to cross the street only stepping on pedestrian crossings with marked lines or a “pedestrian crossing” sign, and not at intersections with unmarked crossings along the sidewalk line 4. Before entering the carriageway in two-way traffic, you must make sure that it is completely safe. 5. It is forbidden to cross the path for moving vehicles, get out of the traffic onto the carriageway 6. In crossing places where traffic is regulated, pedestrians must cross the street only when the traffic light is green or the traffic controller gives permission (when he turned sideways to us) 7. In places where crossings are not marked and where traffic is not regulated, pedestrians must in all cases give way to oncoming traffic. It is forbidden to cross the street near a roundabout or a sharp turn 8. Groups of children are allowed to drive only on the sidewalk, no more than two rows (children walk holding hands). An escort with red flags must be in front and behind the column. 9. It is allowed to transport children only in buses, the doors and windows of which must be closed. On the windshield have an identification sign "Children". one

2 Cycling (scooter, rollerblading) in the city Ask the children which of them has a bicycle, scooter, roller skates or skateboard, who has ever ridden on them. Ask them to tell you where, in their opinion, you can ride, and where you can’t, what rules you need to follow. It is also advisable to organize a discussion of possible dangerous situations, drawing on the personal experience of children, cases from life. It is necessary to consider three types of situations: 1. Dangerous for the children themselves if they ride a bicycle, rollerblading on the carriageway of a street or yard 2. Dangerous for pedestrians (for example, you can run over, push, spray a pedestrian with water from a puddle) 3. And finally, situations associated with falls, injuries. As a result of the conversation, the children should firmly learn the following rules: 1. You can only ride a bicycle (roller skates) on the sidewalk; you can not go to the carriageway of the street or yard. 2. When riding, children must behave correctly towards passers-by: sound the horn in time, take precautions (slow down, avoiding small children, women with children, the elderly) 3. in case of bruising or injury when falling from a bicycle, scooter you should immediately contact an adult for first aid. 2

3 The content of the program for teaching the rules of the road with preschoolers. 3-4 years Content of the work: 1. Vehicles characteristic of our area, their name. 2. Parts of a car, truck. 3. Rules of the road: Behavior on the street Behavior in public transport Traffic lights Developing environment: 1. Layout: sidewalk, roadway, traffic light. 2. Steering wheels 3. Attributes for the didactic and role-playing game "We are pedestrians" 4. Didactic game "Collect a car", "Traffic light". Fiction: S. Mikhalkov "Traffic light", "Bunny cyclist" "The street makes noise" 4-5 years Content of the work: 1. Knowledge of public transport, familiarity with freight transport. 2. Street knowledge: roadway, sidewalk, intersection, pedestrian crossing, safety island. 3. Road signs: no signal allowed, medical aid station, food service station, gas station, pedestrian crossing. 4. Rules of the road: pedestrian crossing the street, behavior in public transport, what the signs say. Developing environment: 1. Layout: crossroads, zebra, safety island. 2. Large and small road signs. 3. Pictures for the classification of modes of transport 4. Folding book for parents "What children should know about the rules of the road" Job content: 5-6 years 3

4 1. Acquaintance with prohibitory and prescriptive signs. 2. Studying the work of the traffic controller 3. Forming in children the ability to freely navigate the road 4. Fix the rules of conduct in public transport. Developing environment: 1. Layout: different types of intersections 2. Prohibiting and prescriptive signs, traffic controller gestures. 3. Attributes for s-r games: wand, caps, hats-cars. 4. Did. games: “Smart signs”, “What are the cars”, “What does it say” Fiction: N. Nosov “Kiryusha gets into a bind” 6-7 years Content of the work: 1. Teach children to follow the rules of the road 2. Fix the rules of conduct on street: Walk only on sidewalks and footpaths, keeping to the right side Correctly cross the street at crossings, do not play on the carriageway Developing environment: 1. Layout with different types of intersections 2. Albums "Different types of transport" 3. Didactic games "Guess what sign”, “What the traffic controller shows”, “What people drive”, “Modes of transport”, “Find and name”. Fiction: 1. N. Nosov "Car" 2. Yurlein "Curious Mouse" 3. Konchalovskaya N "Scooter" Guidelines to help the educator on the rules of the road Causes of traffic accidents 4

5 The most common causes of traffic accidents: 1. Entering the roadway in an unspecified place in front of nearby traffic (few of our children have the habit of stopping before crossing the roadway, carefully examining it before crossing the roadway, carefully examining it with a turn of the head and control the situation on the left and right while driving). 2. Leaving the roadway due to a bus, trolleybus or other obstacle (our children are not used to walking to a pedestrian crossing after getting out of the vehicle or inspecting the roadway before exiting due to bushes or snowdrifts). 3. Playing on the roadway (our children are used to the fact that the entire free area is a place to play). 4. Walking on the roadway (even if there is a sidewalk nearby, most children have a habit of walking along the roadway, most often with all sorts of violations). For the most part, there is no malice. The behavior of children on the road is influenced by a number of factors, of which it is necessary to emphasize the special significance of the age characteristics of children: Physiological that are of interest to him. 2. The child's field of view is much narrower than that of an adult, the field of view of the child is much smaller. At the age of 5, the child is oriented at a distance of up to 5 meters. At the age of 6, it becomes possible to evaluate events in a 10-meter zone, which is approximately 1/10 of the field of view of an adult. The rest of the cars on the left and right remain unnoticed behind him. He sees only what is opposite. 3. The reaction in a child is significantly slower compared to adults. Much more time is needed to respond to danger. It takes an adult pedestrian about 0.8 1 sec to perceive the situation, think it over, make a decision and act. The child needs 3-4 seconds for this. The child is not able to stop immediately on the run, so he reacts to the signal of the car with a significant delay. Even to distinguish a moving car from a standing one, a seven-year-old child needs up to 4 seconds, while an adult needs only a quarter of a second. 4. Reliable left-right orientation is acquired no earlier than at the age of seven. 5

6 Psychological 1. Preschoolers do not have knowledge and ideas about the types of forward movement of vehicles (i.e. the child is convinced, based on similar movements from the microcosm of toys, that real vehicles can stop as instantly as toy ones). The separation of play and real conditions occurs gradually in the child at school. 2. The attention of the child is focused on what he is doing. Having noticed an object or a person that attracts his attention, the child can rush to them, forgetting about everything in the world. Catching up with a friend who has already crossed the road, or picking up a ball that has already rolled away is much more important for a child than an oncoming car. 3. The child is not aware of the responsibility for their own behavior on the road. He does not predict what consequences his act will lead to for other road users and for him personally. Their own safety in traffic, especially at pedestrian crossings, is often underestimated by them. How to develop road safety skills in preschoolers. When talking about the causes of road traffic accidents involving children, we often come across the word “habit”. As a rule, we are talking about negative habits, or rather the absence of positive ones. A habit is a person's behavior, fixed by repeated repetition. The habit of stopping in front of the roadway, inspecting it to the left and right with a turn of the head, crossing the road only in the prescribed place, taking care of one’s safety can only appear as a result of daily, painstaking work, when the theoretical knowledge on traffic rules acquired by children is necessarily fixed by numerous, systematic practical repetition . If every day, approaching the roadway, you say to the child: “Stop, road!”, then stopping will become a habit for him. If you always, after getting off the bus, lead the child to the pedestrian crossing, then such a route will become familiar to him. Given the age characteristics of children, the presence of positive habits is a vital phenomenon for them, otherwise it is called the skills of safe behavior on the road. To develop a positive habit, it is not necessary to lead the child to the roadway. This can be done in a group, when conducting classes on the rules of the road, having a minimum of road symbols and attributes. 6

7 So, in the first junior group, children are taught to distinguish between red and green colors. At the same time, children can be explained that red and green colors correspond to traffic signals for pedestrians. The red signal prohibits movement, and the green one allows (it is advisable to show them first traffic lights with circles, and then with little men). When conducting the game "Red Green", the teacher explains that if he shows a red circle, you must stand, and if the green one turns your head left and right, and then walk. This is how the habit of looking around before entering the roadway is fixed, even at a green traffic light. In the second younger group, children continue to get acquainted with various types of vehicles: trucks and cars, route vehicles (buses, trolleybuses, trams). The guys are looking at illustrations depicting cars, watching transport while walking. They already know that vehicles have different "dimensions". Here it is appropriate to work out the child's ability to "see" a large vehicle (standing or moving slowly) as an object that can hide danger. Using various illustrations, visual aids, it is important to teach children to find such objects on the road themselves (vehicles, trees, bushes, snowdrifts). And then, in the course of practical exercises, develop the habit of leaving because of obstructing objects, carefully looking around. Talking about the purpose of route vehicles, the teacher introduces the children to the rules of conduct in public transport, subsequently consolidating the knowledge gained in practice. The ability to behave properly in public transport should become a habit. In the middle group, reinforcing the concepts of "sidewalk" and "roadway", children get acquainted with the places of movement of cars and people, work out the skill of walking on the sidewalk, adhering to the right side). New for them will be a conversation about a pedestrian crossing, its purpose. Children should learn to find it in illustrations in books, on layouts. After that, the children should be explained the importance of correct behavior at the pedestrian crossing itself and when approaching it (stop at some distance from the edge of the carriageway, carefully examine the carriageway, turning your head to the left and then to the right, when moving to the middle of the road, control the situation on the left, and from the middle of the road on the right). Both in the middle group and further in the senior group, it is necessary to regularly practice the skills of crossing the carriageway during practical exercises. The easiest way to do this is in the game. In a group or on a playground 7

8 mark the carriageway, sidewalks and pedestrian crossing. Each child should approach the pedestrian crossing, stop at some distance from it, carefully examine the roadway, turning his head to the left and then to the right, making sure that there is no traffic, go to the pedestrian crossing, when moving to the middle of the road, control the situation on the left, and with middle of the road on the right. All actions of children should be brought to automaticity, correct behavior at a pedestrian crossing should become a habit. In the senior, then in the preparatory group, children should get a clear idea that the rules of the road are aimed at preserving the life and health of people, therefore everyone is obliged to comply with them. It is necessary to develop a positive attitude towards the law in children. It's like the smallpox vaccine, only on a mental level. Recommendations for equipping road safety corners in groups of preschool educational institutions. eight

9 The content of traffic safety corners in groups should be determined by the content of classes for studying the rules of the road with one or another age category of children. So, in the first junior group, children get acquainted with vehicles: trucks and cars, public transport. Determine what parts the machines are made of. Learn to distinguish between red and green. Therefore, in the play corner should be: A set of vehicles Illustrations of vehicles Red and green circles, a mock-up of a pedestrian traffic light. Attributes for the role-playing game "Transport" (multi-colored steering wheels, hats of different types of cars, badges, vests with the image of a particular type of transport, etc.) Didactic games "Collect a car" (from 4 parts), " Put the car in the garage”, “Traffic light”. In the second younger group, children continue to work on recognizing vehicles, get acquainted with the rules of behavior in public transport, consolidate the ability to distinguish red, yellow, green colors, get acquainted with the concepts of "sidewalk" and "roadway". Therefore, to the items available in the traffic safety corner of the first junior group, one should add: Pictures for the game for the classification of modes of transport “What passengers ride”, “Find the same picture”. The simplest model of a street (preferably a large one), where the sidewalk and the carriageway are indicated. Model of a transport traffic light (planar). For the children of the middle group, a new conversation will be about the pedestrian crossing and its purpose, right-hand traffic on the sidewalk and the roadway. In addition, children 4-5 years old should clearly understand that when the green traffic light for pedestrians lights up and allows them to move, for drivers at that time the red prohibitory traffic light is on. When the green signal for drivers lights up and allows the movement of cars, the red signal flashes for pedestrians. In the traffic safety corner there must be: A model of a traffic light with switching signals, operating from a battery Didactic games “Find your color”, “Assemble a traffic light” A pedestrian crossing must be drawn on the model of the street. 9

10 In the older group, the guys learn a lot about traffic. It is at this age that one gets acquainted with such large and complex topics as "Crossroads", "Road Signs". Therefore, in the traffic safety corner there should appear: A layout of an intersection, with the help of which children will be able to solve complex logical problems on road safety, to practice the skills of safely crossing the roadway at the intersection. It is desirable that this model be with removable objects, then the children themselves will be able to model the street. Also, a set of road signs is required, which necessarily includes such road signs as: informational and indicative "Pedestrian crossing", "Underground pedestrian crossing", "Bus and (or) trolley bus stop"; warning signs "Children"; prohibition signs “Pedestrian traffic is prohibited”, “Bicycle traffic is prohibited”; prescriptive signs "Pedestrian path", "Bicycle path"; priority signs "Main road", "Give way"; service signs "Hospital", "Telephone", "Food point". It's good to have small signs on stands for layout work, and larger signs on stands for creative role play. Didactic games: “What do the signs say?”, “Guess the sign”, “Where is the sign hidden?”, “Crossroads”, “Our street” In addition, for children of the older group, they are introduced to the work of a traffic controller. So in the corner of the road traffic police there should be diagrams of gestures of the traffic controller, the didactic game “What does the rod say?”, Attributes of the traffic police inspector: rod, cap. In the preparatory group, the guys meet with problematic situations on the roads (the so-called road "traps"), the knowledge of children about the Rules of the Road is already systematized. The content of the corner is more complicated: A card index of “dangerous situations” is being collected (you can make an impromptu TV or computer to show them) A window for issuing driver's licenses to those who have passed the traffic rules exam is organized. In all groups, it is good to have a flannelograph for simulating situations on the road, as well as a set of transparencies on various topics. Recommendations on the maintenance of corners for parents on the prevention of DDTT. The main purpose of creating a road safety corner is to explain to parents that they are the main link in question 10

11 teaching children the rules of the road. It is from their actions that it depends how firmly the child will master the skills of safe behavior on the road. It is their behavior that is decisive when a child chooses “his own style” of crossing the roadway. Making out such a corner, the teacher must make parents his main allies in teaching kids the complex alphabet of roads. It is important here to show parents the seriousness of the problem, to identify situations that often lead to tragedy, to explain in what cases and why children feel uncomfortable on the road. The corner can be designed as follows: 1. A single stand (dimensions depend on the availability of free space and the amount of information placed, but not less than 30*65 cm). 2. A set of components, each of which is designed to accommodate separate information 3. Folding book To attract the attention of parents when decorating a corner, it is recommended to use bright, attention-grabbing slogans, for example: “The price of haste is your child’s life” “Attention, we are your children!” "The child has the right to live!" “It’s stupid to save your time at the expense of a child’s life” Given the important role of parents in teaching children the rules of the road, a corner for parents should contain: 1. Information about the state of road traffic injuries in the city 2. Causes of road traffic accidents involving children 3. Recommendations to parents on teaching children safe behavior on the road. 4. A list and description of games aimed at consolidating the existing knowledge of the Rules of the Road in children 5. Children's stories about their behavior on the road when driving to kindergarten and back with their parents 11

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Considered: at a meeting of the pedagogical council, protocol 1 dated 08/29/2016 I approve: head of the MDOU 1st kindergarten 4 "Batueva N.I. Educational program Knowledge of the rules of the road of the Municipal

ALL-RUSSIAN ACTION “SAFE ROAD. LITERATURE FOR CHILDREN AND PARENTS. What parents need to know about the peculiarities of children's behavior on the road, taking into account their psychophysiological conditions of development. "Children are not

Long-term work plan for traffic rules in the younger group "Sun" for 2017 2018 Purpose of work: 1. Mastering by preschoolers the initial knowledge about the rules of safe behavior on the street. 2. Build skills

The article is intended for teachers and parents, since it is on them that the safety of children on the road and in life depends.

Relevance: The issue of ensuring human safety on the road arose simultaneously with the advent of cars, and then began to worsen with the development of the automotive industry. Disappointing reports of accidents involving minor children do not leave anyone indifferent.

Statistics show that the cause of road accidents is very often the children themselves. A child is not an adult of small stature, his body is in a state of growth and development, and not all the functions of the psyche that are so necessary for adaptation in the world are fully formed. Children are dynamic, excitable and at the same time scattered, they are not able to foresee danger, assess the real distance to a moving car, its speed, as well as their capabilities. Therefore, it is necessary to draw the attention of the public, the media, employees of transport organizations, parents to this problem. The same reason explains the need to ensure increased traffic safety on the road at the state level.

Teaching younger and older preschoolers of kindergartens the rules of the road (SDA) and the prevention of child injuries on the roads is an obligatory part of the educational process in preschool educational institutions. The requirements prescribed in the educational program for teaching children the road alphabet should become more complicated depending on the age of the children.

Every year, our preschool institution organizes and conducts activities aimed at the prevention and prevention of road traffic injuries:

A regulatory and legal framework for the prevention of road accidents has been developed;

• In each group, according to the age of the children and the requirements of the program, there are road safety corners, illustrative material, as well as recommendations for parents on the prevention of road traffic injuries;
• Educators collect didactic material, make a variety of educational games, organize joint activities (entertainment in which children and parents participate, excursions, thematic conversations).

In our work, we introduce different techniques and methods. The most effective way to bring the elementary rules of behavior on the road to children is a game where they are participants. During the game, children learn the basic rules and requirements, understand who a pedestrian, driver and traffic controller are.

In the corners of the traffic rules, children play, and at the same time they gain knowledge that there are houses on the streets, large and small, sidewalks, a street. While playing with cars, they notice that there are cars and trucks, they learn the rules of behavior in transport, when crossing the road, on the sidewalk, they get acquainted with traffic lights.

Also, in the corner of the traffic rules, children see an intersection, get acquainted with the markings "zebra", "dividing line", learn the concepts of one-way and two-way traffic.

Children in the process of playing learn how to cross the carriageway correctly, learn that there are signs on the roads that warn drivers and pedestrians about what awaits them ahead.

Most of the work of teaching preschoolers the rules of the road takes place in the senior and preparatory groups. Children at this age already have certain knowledge and ideas about the road, drivers, pedestrians and passengers.

Therefore, in these groups, the content of the material is more complex: in the corners of traffic rules there are different types of intersections with markings, sidewalks, different types of signs, transport stops, etc. Children get acquainted with the concept of "multi-lane traffic", "safety island", with the means of regulating traffic on the road. It should be noted that the training of traffic rules takes place in various types of joint activities of pupils and teachers, in conducting educational activities in the areas of "Communication", "Cognition", "Health", "Music".

In the organization of role-playing games, the creation of a subject-developing environment is of great importance. To do this, the preschool educational institution has a model of a street with an intersection, signs for pedestrians, models of houses. Here, children can not only play, but also work out and consolidate their knowledge of the rules of behavior for a cultured driver and pedestrian, road signs, and together with the educator they analyze situational tasks for road safety.

To help educators to organize the training of children in traffic rules, there is an educational and methodological complex: demonstration and didactic material, card files of games, notes of classes, riddles, poems, long-term plans for acquainting children with the rules of the road according to the age of the children.

The work of the preschool educational institution on the assimilation by pupils of the rules of safe movement can give an effective result only when working together with parents.

When organizing this cooperation, one must remember that it should not be declarative. In order for parents and children to show interest in the road alphabet, we organize various activities: contests, quizzes, holidays.

There is a good tradition at the beginning of the school year to organize a competition "For the best drawing on road safety." In this competition there is a mandatory requirement - the participation of parents.

Such events are important, because children and parents, when participating in them, act as one team, and sometimes children become teachers of their parents. After all, many parents still do not think about the problem of children's safety on the road.

It is impossible to instill the skills of safe behavior on the road by reasoning about caution alone. The rules of the road and safe behavior on the road should be taught to the child from the very moment he began to walk on his own.

So, teaching children the basics of "travel literacy", the teaching staff of our preschool institution adheres to the rules:

• To educate preschoolers with a culture of behavior on the road, and not mechanically memorize traffic rules with children;
• Combine the study of the Rules and the development of coordination, attention in children, observation;
• Apply all available methods and forms of work: games, conversations, productive activities, quizzes, practical exercises, reading books, showing videos, excursions.

All this is necessary to form and consolidate in children the habit of safe behavior on the road.

Parents of younger preschoolers:

• You are a model of behavior and an object of love and imitation for your child. Keep this in mind the moment you step onto the road with your baby.
• So that the child does not end up in trouble, you need to educate him in respect for the rules of the road every day, unobtrusively and with patience.
• A child should play only in the yard under the supervision of adults and know: you can’t go out on the road!
• You should not frighten the child with possible circumstances, but you need to observe the situations on the road, in the yard, on the street together with him, explain what is happening with pedestrians and vehicles.
• Introduce your child to the rules for pedestrians and the rules for vehicles.
• Develop your child's attention, visual memory. For this house, create game situations. In the drawings fix the impressions of what you see. Give your child the opportunity to bring you to the kindergarten, and in the evening to the house.

At this age, the child should know:

• You can't go out on the road.
• You can only cross the road with an adult, holding his hand.
• You can't get out.
• You can only cross the road at a pedestrian crossing at a calm pace.
• Pedestrians are people who walk down the street.
• So that there is order on the road, there are no accidents, so that a pedestrian does not get hit by a car, everyone must obey the traffic light: red light - there is no movement, And the green one says: "Go ahead, the path is open."
• Cars are different, this is transport. Cars are driven by drivers (chauffeurs). Cars (transport) move along the road (highway, pavement).
• When we ride in a trolleybus or bus, we are passengers.
• When we ride in transport, we can’t lean out of the window, we need to hold on to the hand of mom, dad or the handrail.

Parents of older preschoolers:

• Your baby has grown up, he has become more inquisitive, his life experience has been enriched, he has become more independent. But your authority has not diminished at all. You still remain for him a faithful assistant in the education of cultural behavior on the street and in public transport.
• Knowing the individual characteristics of your child (temperament, intelligence, nervous system, etc.), continue to help him master the science of respect for the street: not intrusively, but persistently, patiently, systematically.
• Instill in your child the habit of being attentive, prudent and careful on the street.
• On the way to kindergarten, home, on a walk, continue to consolidate the knowledge gained earlier, ask problematic questions, pay attention to your actions, why you stopped in front of a pedestrian crossing, why you stopped in front of the road and right here, etc.

At this age, the child should know and follow the following rules:

• Walk on the sidewalk on the right side.
• Before you cross the road, you need to make sure that there are no cars by looking left and right, after that you can move, after looking again in both directions.
• The road must be crossed only at a step.
• You have to obey the traffic lights.
• In transport, you must behave calmly, speak in a low voice, hold on to the hand of an adult, or a handrail, so as not to fall.
• You can't stick your hands out of the window of a bus or trolleybus.
• You can enter and exit the transport only when it is standing.
• You can only play in the yard.

Observe with your child the situations on the road, in the yard, for pedestrians, discuss what you see with your child. Read a suitable instructive work of art to your child, and then invite them to talk about what they read, you can draw an appropriate picture.

Road safety lessons for parents

The child is in the arms. Be careful and careful - the child, being in his arms, closes your view of the road.

A child in a sled. Remember that sleds tip over easily. This should not be allowed either on the roadway or near it. Look at the child more often. Try to walk in the middle of the sidewalk, away from the "icicles".

Exit from public transport. Let adults always come out first, taking the child, as he can break out, run out onto the road. When walking on steps that are designed for an adult, a child may fall. Extreme care is needed when you are the last of the passengers to leave or enter. The driver may not notice the child standing on the steps, whom you were preparing to take when you got out, consider that the landing is over, close the door and move off. Therefore, you must not be the last to leave, either take the child in your arms, or warn the driver before leaving.

Travel by public transport. When driving in a trolleybus, bus or tram, you need to take a stable position, you need to be especially careful near the driver's cab and while preparing for the exit.

Hand in hand with a child. On and near the road, always remember that a child can break free. This situation often happens and leads to traffic accidents. The child may try to escape if he sees on the other side of the dear one of his friends, relatives, etc.

Learn to observe. While the child is on the street next to you, it is during the period from 2 to 6 years, during walks, on the way to kindergarten and back, it is best and most convenient to instill in him the skills that were mentioned above! Use the available opportunity while you are next to your child on the road to teach him to observe, recognize road "traps". Let him, when crossing the road, also observe, reflect, and not just trust you. Otherwise, he will get used to going out onto the roadway without looking.

Parent example. One wrong action of the parents in front of the child, or together with him, can cross out a hundred correct instructions in words. Therefore, never rush with a child on the roadway, do not run across the road in a hurry to the bus, do not talk about extraneous things when crossing the road. Do not cross the road obliquely, or on the side of the crossing, at a red light. Only in this way will you ensure maximum safety on the road for your child.

If the child wears glasses. On the road, "lateral vision" plays a very important role, since the pedestrian crosses the road, being sideways to the transport. Since "peripheral vision" is weakened in glasses, it is necessary to teach the child to observe with redoubled care, to recognize situations of "closed vision". Even more carefully teach the child to assess the speed of the approaching transport.

So, only the culture of parental behavior, strict observance of traffic rules, patience and responsibility for the life and health of your child will help us together to educate and instill in him the habits and skills of safe behavior on the street!

Bibliography

1. O.A. Skorolupova “Classes with children of senior preschool age on the topic “Rules and traffic safety”. M.: “Publishing house Scriptorium 2003”. 2004
2. E.Ya.Stepankova, M.F.Filenko "For preschoolers - about the rules of the road."
3. "Traffic Laws". Comp. N.A. Izvekova and others. M: “TC Sphere”. 2005
4. "Traffic Laws". M: "Third Rome". 2006
5. "Handbook of the senior educator of a preschool institution." No. 2/2007
6. “Soviet Encyclopedic Dictionary”, M: “Soviet Encyclopedia”. 1987
7. “Good Road of Childhood”, No. 18 (156). 2007

Consultation for educators "Organization of work on the study of traffic rules in kindergarten"

MBDOU "Shuisky Kindergarten"

Consultation for educators
"Organization of work on the study of traffic rules in kindergarten"

Prepared by:
senior educator
T.S. Izykin

S. Shuyskoye, 2018

The role of educators in teaching children traffic rules is very large. Parents lay down knowledge on how to behave on the street, but the child spends most of the day in kindergarten, so the teacher must help the child learn all the rules more clearly.
All work in kindergarten is carried out in accordance with the age characteristics of children. The teacher must know what work should be done in each group.
3-4 years
The content of the work:
1. Vehicles characteristic of our area, their name.
2. Parts of a car, truck.
3. Rules of the road:
Behavior on the street
Behavior in public transport
Traffic signals
Development environment:
1. Layout: sidewalk, roadway, traffic light.
2. Steering wheels
3. Attributes to the didactic and role-playing game "We are pedestrians"
4. Didactic game "Collect a car", "Traffic light".
Fiction: S. Mikhalkov "Traffic light", "Bunny cyclist", "The street is noisy".
4-5 years
The content of the work:
1. Knowledge of public transport, familiarity with freight transport.
2. Street knowledge: roadway, sidewalk, intersection, pedestrian crossing, safety island.
3. Road signs: no signal allowed, medical aid station, food service station, gas station, pedestrian crossing.
4. Rules of the road: pedestrian crossing the street, behavior in public transport, what the signs say.
Development environment
1. Layout: crossroads, zebra, traffic island.
2. Large and small road signs.
3. Pictures for the classification of modes of transport
4. Folding book for parents "What children should know about the rules of the road"
5. Flannelgraph: cars, road signs
Fiction: N. Nosov "Car", Dorokhov "Fence along the sidewalk"
5-6 years
The content of the work:
1. Acquaintance with prohibitory and prescriptive signs.
2. Studying the work of the traffic controller
3. Formation in children of the ability to freely navigate the road
4. Fix the rules of conduct in public transport.
Development environment:
1. Layout: different types of intersections
2. Prohibiting and prescriptive signs, traffic controller gestures.
3. Attributes for role-playing games: wand, caps, caps-cars.
4. Didactic games: "Smart signs," What are the cars, "" What does it say ..."
Fiction: N. Nosov "Kiryusha gets into binding"
6-7 years old
The content of the work:
1. Teach children to follow the rules of the road
2. Fix the rules of behavior on the street:
Walk only on sidewalks and footpaths, keeping to the right
Correctly cross the street at crossings, do not play on the carriageway
Development environment:
1. Layout with different types of intersections
2. Albums "Different types of transport"
3. Didactic games: “Guess which sign”, “What the traffic controller shows”, “What people drive”, “Modes of transport”, “Find and name”.
Fiction: N. Nosov "Car", Yurlein "A Curious Mouse", Konchalovskaya N "Scooter"
What the teacher should know about the rules of the road:
Each educator should know the rules of the road well in order to competently conduct educational work with children and parents, to ensure their own safety.
1. Pedestrians are only allowed to walk on sidewalks, keeping to the right
2. Where there are no sidewalks, you need to walk along the edge of the carriageway, along the left edge of the road, towards the traffic, in order to see moving vehicles and step aside in time
3. Pedestrians are obliged to cross the street only at a pace along pedestrian crossings, with marked lines or a “pedestrian crossing” sign, and at intersections with unmarked crossings, along the sidewalk line.
4. Before entering the carriageway in two-way traffic, you must make sure that it is completely safe.
5. It is forbidden to cross the path in front of the vehicle, to get out from behind the transport onto the carriageway
6. At crossing points where traffic is regulated, pedestrians must cross the street only when the traffic light is green or the traffic controller gives permission (when he turned sideways to us)
7. In places where crossings are not marked and where traffic is not regulated, pedestrians must in all cases give way to approaching vehicles. It is forbidden to cross the street near a roundabout or a sharp turn
8. Groups of children are allowed to drive only on the sidewalk, no more than two rows (children walk holding hands). An escort with red flags must be in front and behind the column.
Biking (scooter, rollerblading) within the boundaries of the settlement.
Ask the children which of them has a bike, scooter, roller skates, or skateboard and who has ever ridden one. Ask them to tell you where, in their opinion, you can ride, and where you can’t, what rules you need to follow.
It is also advisable to organize a discussion of possible dangerous situations, drawing on the personal experience of children, cases from life.
There are three types of situations to consider:
1. Dangerous for the children themselves if they ride a bike, rollerblade on the roadway of the street or yard
2. Dangerous for pedestrians (for example, you can run over, push, splash a pedestrian with water from a puddle)
3. And finally, situations related to falls, injuries.
As a result of the conversation, children should firmly learn the following rules:
1. You can ride a bicycle (roller skates) only under the supervision of adults on the sidewalk; you can not go to the carriageway of the street or yard
2. When riding, children should behave correctly towards passers-by: sound the horn in time, take precautions (slow down when driving around small children, women with children, the elderly)
3. In case of a bruise or injury when falling from a bicycle, a scooter, you should immediately contact an adult for first aid.

Advice for educators:

"Methods of teaching preschoolers the rules of the road"

Methods of teaching preschoolers the rules of the road.

When teaching children the rules of the road, it is necessary to use all available forms and methods of work.

First junior group.

Tasks: Formation of primary ideas about cars, street, road. Familiarity with some modes of transport.

Verbal:

Conversations: “Car”, “Behind the wheel”, “What people drive”;

Reading and dramatization of N. Pavlova's story "By car".

Visual:

Transport surveillance;

Work with illustrations on the topic;

Practical:

Didactic games: "Where do we walk", "What do we need cars for?" "Red Green";

Outdoor games: "Train", "Birds and car".

Second junior group.

Tasks: Acquaintance with the concepts of "street", "road", "traffic light". Formation of ideas about the work of the driver. Formation of primary ideas about safe behavior on the roads (to cross the road holding the hands of an adult)

Methods and techniques of working with children.

Verbal:

Conversations: "Getting to know the street", "Transport", "Traffic light";

The story of the educator about the means of transportation;

Reading thin. works by S. Mikhalkov "Slacker traffic light", S. Marshak "Ball", A. Severny "Traffic Light", V. Kozhevnikov "Traffic Light".

Visual:

– viewing presentations, educational cartoons “Road ABC of Aunt Owl”, “Smeshariki;
-consideration of cars, buses, trams (toys);

Examination of the painting "Riding on the bus";

Targeted walks to the nearest street.

Practical:

Didactic games: "Where we walk", "Find your color", "Traffic light";

Artistic activity:

* design: "Car",

*application: "Truck".

Outdoor games: "Garages and cars", "Cars and traffic lights", "Tram", "Train", "Sparrows and a car".

middle group.

Tasks: The development of observation, the ability to navigate indoors and on the site of the kindergarten, in the nearest area. Continued acquaintance with the concepts of "street", "road", "crossroads", "public transport stop" and the elementary rules of behavior on the street. Clarification of children's knowledge about the purpose of a traffic light and the work of a policeman. Acquaintance with various types of urban transport, features of their appearance and purpose "Ambulance", "Fire truck", Ministry of Emergency Situations, "Police", tram, trolley bus, bus. Acquaintance with traffic signs "Pedestrian crossing", "Public transport stop". Formation of cultural behavior skills in public transport.

Methods and techniques of working with children.

Verbal:

Conversations: “We get to know the street”, “The road to the kindergarten”, “Traffic lights (vehicle and pedestrian) and its signals”, “Know and follow the rules of the road”, “Why do we need road signs”.

Reading art works: V. Arbekov "About smart little animals",

Ya. Pishumov "Machines", V. Berestov "I'm going to run", M. Plyatskovsky "Stop, car", S. Mikhalkov "If the light turned red", S. Yakovlev "You need to obey without a dispute", S. Marshak "Ball", S. Mikhalkov "Uncle Styopa-policeman", B. Zhitkov "What I saw", "Traffic light", "What a taxi"; N. Konchalovskaya "Scooter"; V. Kozhevnikov "Machines", "Song about the rules";

Riddles (about traffic lights, about transport);

- compiling stories and fairy tales, riddles, memorizing poems.

Visual:

Examination of illustrations on traffic rules, various types of transport, a layout with images of the carriageway of the street and sidewalk;

Viewing presentations, educational cartoons;
-targeted walks to the nearest crossroads, excursions to the parking lot.

Practical:

Didactic games: “What is a street?”, “What are the cars?”, “Who is a passenger?”, “Traffic light”, “Pedestrian”, “Dolls are walking - cars are driving (on a road model”);

Board and printed games;

Artistic activity:

* application "Traffic light", "Train",

*drawing: “Children went out for a walk”,

* design: "Bridges", "Exhibition of Machines",

* production of attributes for role-playing games.

Role-playing games: "Cars and pedestrians", "Smart traffic light";

Outdoor games: "Colored cars", "Tram", "Airplanes", "Find your color".

Senior group.

Tasks: Clarification of knowledge about the elements of the road (carriageway, pedestrian crossing, sidewalk), traffic, traffic lights. Acquaintance with the names of the streets closest to the kindergarten and the streets where children live. Acquaintance with the rules of the road, the rules for the movement of pedestrians and cyclists. Continued acquaintance with road signs: “Children”, “Tram stop”, “Bus stop”, “Pedestrian crossing”, “Medical assistance point”, “Bus stop”, “Food point”, “Parking place”, “Entry prohibited” , "Road works", "Bicycle path".

Methods and techniques of working with children.

Verbal:

Conversations: “Our street”, “What are the cars”, “It is allowed to be an exemplary pedestrian and passenger”, “I am a pedestrian”, “Rules of the road”, “Introduction to urban transport”, “In the country of road signs”

Solution of situations: "How to cross the road if there is no underpass?".

Reading art works by S. Mikhalkov "Bad History", S. Marshak “Millionaire”, V. Golovko “Rules of traffic”, S. Yakovlev “A stupid elephant is reading a book ..” A. Severny: “Traffic light”, Y. Pishumov “My car”, V. Kozhevnikov “Traffic light”, A. Ivanov “How inseparable friends crossed the road”, O. Bedarev “If only”;

Visual:

Watching the video "It's not easy to be a passenger", presentations, educational cartoons;

Excursions to the road, walks to the underpass.

Practical:

Didactic games: “The street on which our kindergarten is located (on the alley)”, “Merry traffic light”, “Stand up so that ..”, “Pick up the sign”, “Safe way”;

KVN on traffic rules, a field of miracles, contests "The best pedestrian" (through blitz questions, poems, proverbs;

Training game "I'm lost."

Artistic activity:

* construction: "Bridges",

* manual labor: "Bus" "Exhibition of machines",

* application: “Cars are bringing the harvest from the fields”, “Our street”;

Outdoor games: "Rules of the road", "Colored cars", "Horses", "Burners";

Crossroad layout games.

Preparatory group.

Tasks: Systematization of children's knowledge about the structure of the street, about traffic. Acquaintance with the concepts of "square", "boulevard", "avenue". Development of free orientation within the area closest to the kindergarten. Formation of the ability to find the way from home to kindergarten on the map of the area. Continued acquaintance with road signs - warning, prohibition and information and indication. Bringing children to the awareness of the need to follow the rules of the road. Expanding children's ideas about the work of the traffic police. Education of a culture of behavior on the street and in public transport.

Methods and techniques of working with children.

Verbal:

Conversations: "Streets of our city" "Why do we need road signs", "Crossroads"; “In the country of road signs”, “Beware of the car”, “Road signs are our friends”, “Red, yellow, green”;

Compilation of stories from personal experience “How I went to visit with my mother”;

Reading art works: N. Konchalovskaya "Scooter", V. Semernin "Forbidden-Allowed", Y. Pishumov "Song about the rules", "Pedestrian traffic light", I. Leshkevin "Ice", O. Bedarev "ABC of security", F. Yurmin "Curious little mouse", I. Seryakov "Street where everyone is in a hurry", "The car that was taught to draw"; A. Severny "Traffic light", L. Samashova "Service signs", "Warning signs", "Prohibition signs ”, “Mandatory signs”, “Information and indication signs”;

Visual:

Observation of the work of a traffic police officer, explain the meaning of his gestures.

Consideration of illustrations on traffic rules;

- viewing presentations, educational cartoons;

Excursion to the motor city with the participation of a traffic police officer, a targeted walk to the crossroads.

Practical:

Didactic games: "What will you do if ...", "Guess which sign", "Signals of the traffic controller", "Journey to the Land of Signs", "Mysterious Lotto", "Talking Signs", "Entertaining Road Alphabet";

— solving problem situations;

Artistic activity:

* design: "Our complex", "Bridges", "Avtozavod"

* modeling "Controller", drawing "Our city".

Quiz "Pedestrian on the street";

Role-playing games: "Traffic light", "Rules of the road";

Mobile game: Stop.