Antipyretics for children are prescribed by a pediatrician. But there are emergency situations for fever when the child needs to be given medicine immediately. Then the parents take responsibility and use antipyretic drugs. What is allowed to give to infants? How can you bring down the temperature in older children? What medicines are the safest?
Vera Karabekova
Psychological lesson - training in the second junior group. Theme "Colorful world of emotions"
Target: Development emotional sphere of children.
Tasks:
Strengthen the ability to recognize, show emotions to verbally identify them.
Improve children's communication skills.
Cultivate goodwill, sympathy for each other, a desire to help.
Material:
recording different mood music.
Magic wand.
magic rain.
photo of the sad girl Nastya
photo of cheerful girl Nastenka
magic flower.
preliminary work:
- getting to know the basics emotions(joy, sadness, anger, surprise).
- carrying out exercises that contribute to awareness of one's own body, relieving muscle tension.
– holding psychological games and exercises.
Lesson progress:
Teacher- psychologist: Hello guys! I am very glad to meet you!
How else can you greet each other? (children's answers). I know another way to greet each other. Let's try to say hello So:
The exercise "Good friend"
Children stand in a circle and hold hands. Speak in unison the words:
Hello my friend! (shake hands)
How are you here? (shrugs hands in surprise)
I missed (Put hands to chest.)
You came (They take hands again.)
Good! (converge in the center, hugging.)
Psychologist: Guys, look, today guests have come to us. Let's greet them.
Children greet.
Teacher- psychologist: guys, are you glad that we have so many guests today?
Then let's send everyone a kiss.
Guys, did you come in a good mood? Then let's smile at each other.
Game-exercise “Give a smile”
The poem "King Borovik" (V. Prikhodko)
Psychologist reads a poem.
There was King Borovik
Straight through the forest
He shook his fist
And he thumped with his heels.
There was King Borovik not in spirit:
The king was bitten by flies.
Psychologist. What is the mood of the king?
And how did you guess?
(children's answers)
Psychologist. Reads a poem, and invites children to act according to the text.
Psychologist. Oh, what am I to do? How many angry kings! What will help me?
I know, I know - Magic wand!
Game-exercise “…turn around, turn around and smile”
Psychologist touches the magic wand to the shoulder of each child and is talking: “turn around, turn around and smile”,
Psychologist: And when do you have a very joyful and cheerful mood?
Children: When the sun is shining, when mom bought a new toy, dress, when they gave a gift, etc.
Psychologist: Show how you know how to rejoice - the children show.
When does sadness happen? (children's answers).
Show a sad mood, be sad - the children show.
So that you are not very sad, I suggest playing
game "Tuh-tibi - spirit"
Psychologist: I will tell you a secret word. This is a magic spell against resentment and disappointment and sadness. The driver walks inside the circle. As soon as he wants to talk, he stops in front of one child, looks into his eyes and three times, angrily, says magic word: "Tuh-tibi-spirit". Then the children change places.
The game repeats.
Psychologist. Guys, you know, this morning I went into the kindergarten and saw a photo of a girl - Nastya (showing a photo of a girl with emotion of anger) . She was sitting all alone. What is her mood? (children's answers)
A photograph of Nastenka with emotion of anger.
Psychologist: see how many petals are around. What do you think we will do with them? - Gather a magic flower.
The children take it in turns to choose the petals, on which there are photos with options to help the angry girl. When the magic flower is composed, psychologist invites the children to close their eyes, and changes the central photo of an angry girl to a cheerful one.
Psychologist. Why do you think the miracle happened?
(children's answers)
Game-exercise “Peel me”
Psychologist: Children, it means that when a person is angry, you can talk to him, calm him down, you need to caress him, and let's caress each other so that we become even kinder.
It sounds like a calm melody. One child turns to the other and gently strokes each other's arms, shoulders, legs, etc.
surprise moment
Psychologist asks the children to close their eyes.
Psychologist gives installation children: When the music starts, you need to open your eyes.
The melody of a waltz sounds.
Children, open your eyes
What are these miracles?
There are magical raindrops here,
They give us laughs
In the dance we spin
Let's smile and make friends.
Psychologist lightly touches the children "magic rain".
The waltz sounds, the children move to the music.
Psychologist:
Here comes the end of our class and I suggest you say goodbye in different ways.
The children stand in pairs.
Psychologist. “Let's say goodbye with palms, backs, foreheads, noses)
Psychologist: Guys, are you in a good mood now? (children's answers)
Related publications:
The final lesson for the second half of the year in the second junior group using poems by A. Barto. Theme: "Toys". Integration of educational areas: "Communication", "Reading fiction", "Artistic creativity", "Socialization", "Music",.
The final lesson in mathematics in the second junior group "Journey to the Forest" Purpose: To consolidate the ability of children to select geometric shapes according to the model, exercise in counting from 1 to 5, continue to teach how to correlate the quantity.
Educational area: "Artistic and aesthetic development" Topic: "Drawing flowers with non-traditional techniques" (print with crumpled paper).
Synopsis of a walk in the second junior group topic: "Spring Awakening" Educator: Novikova T.V., teacher of MKDOI IMRSK Kindergarten No. 26 (p. Novoizobilny). Purpose of the walk: To improve physical activity.
Integration of educational areas: speech development, communicative and personal development, cognitive development, artistic and aesthetic.
Game developing psychological training for children.
The plan of the first two lessons is proposed. Subsequent classes can be built according to the same scheme, replacing the above exercises with new ones.
Props:
1. Phonograms: calm music, cheerful, relaxation music, lullaby (preferably without words), sounds of wildlife (for example: “Birds in a rainy forest”), lullaby from the film “Umka”, Saint-Saens “Carnival of the Animals”.
2. Drawing paper, pencils, felt-tip pens or crayons, plasticine.
3. Medium ball or balloon.
4. Strips of fabric for blindfolding.
5. Balls, cubes, gymnastic sticks.
6. Children's chairs, benches.
The course of the training.
First lesson.
Soothing music plays quietly throughout the session.
Sharing. We sit in a circle. We talk about our mood, well-being.
Duration 5-7min.
Recommendations: It is desirable to conduct classes on the floor (this will require a warm floor or a soft carpet) - this will reduce the distance between the adult leader and the small participants, and will arrange the children for a confidential conversation.
I A warm-up exercise that will help create a warm atmosphere in the group.
"POLITE WORDS" (1)
Duration 10-15 min.
Exercise progress:
Sitting or standing in a circle, children throw a ball (balloon) to each other and call kind words or polite expressions. You can complicate the task by offering to name only words of greeting (farewell, apology, gratitude)
Recommendations: because it can be difficult for children to remember the words of politeness, you can say as many such words as possible before the game. If difficulties arise during the game, we call a few words ourselves so that the child can choose.
Be sure to discuss whether we liked the exercise, how we felt when we said kind words to each other.
Purpose: the exercise is aimed at developing effective communication skills, evokes positive feelings towards other participants, develops speech, and helps to master etiquette. During the discussion, children learn to listen to themselves, to what they feel when they say kind words to others, when they hear them addressed to them. In the future, this will help them to establish contact, both with other children and with adults.
II Exercise-warm-up. TEREMOK (2)
finger game
Duration 2 min.
"In the clearing of the teremok, fold your palms" house "
The door is closed on the lock to close your fingers in the lock.
Smoke comes out of the pipe, alternately make rings from all fingers
Around the tower there is a fence of the hand in front of you, spread your fingers.
To prevent the thief from climbing, clicks with each of the fingers in turn.
Knock-knock-knock, knock-knock-knock! tap your palm with your fist.
Open! spread your arms wide apart.
I am your friend!" palms close one across the other.
Purpose: relieve physical stress, collect attention to move on to the next exercise.
III Exercise "Press conference" (1)
Duration 20-25 minutes, 4-5 minutes for each participant.
Each of the guys in turn becomes a “guest”, sits on a chair in the center of the hall, the rest ask him questions on known topics.
Recommendations : The topics of the press conference should be well known and understood by the children. For example: “My daily routine”, “My favorite toy”, “On a walk”, etc. You can write the titles of topics on separate cards and offer to pull them out without looking. Make sure that everyone can ask their own question. Often active children do not allow the more shy to speak out. Draw their attention to it.
Questions might sound like this:
"My daily routine": Do you follow the daily routine? When do you get up? What do you do after kindergarten, school? etc.
"On a walk": Where does your walk usually take place? Who do you walk with on the street? What do you remember most about your last walk? etc.
Discussion: in a circle we ask the children which topics they liked more, to whom and on which topics it was easier / more difficult to ask questions.
Objectives: the exercise teaches you to ask various questions on the same topic, keep up the conversation, hear the interlocutor, promotes the development of speech.
Duration 10-15 min
Children take turns doing a series of tasks.
1) Tell a famous poem: 1. very quickly - “with machine gun speed”; 2.as a foreigner; 3. like a robot; 4.whisper; 5.very slowly - at the speed of a turtle.
2) Pass as: 1. cowardly hare, 2. lion, 3. baby, 4. old man.
3) Jump like: 1. grasshopper, 2. frog, 3. goat, 4. monkey.
4) Sit in a pose: 1. birds on a branch, 2. bees on a flower, 3. rider on a horse.
5) Frowning like: 1. angry mother, 2. autumn cloud, 3. angry lion.
We discuss: who and what tasks were easy to perform, and which ones were difficult, what was the difficulty.
Purpose: the exercise helps to feel the state of another person, overcome shyness, teaches the child to be relaxed, develops acting skills.
V Final art therapy exercise. (Author A.Kiahidi)
(In fact, this is role-playing gymnastics to music.) Duration 5-7 minutes.
The phonogram sounds: C. Saint-Saens, "Carnival of the Animals" part 1 "Royal March of the Lion" Children are invited to depict lions in all possible ways: you can move around the floor on all fours (lions go hunting), lie on benches or chairs (lions rest on a hot afternoon), growl loudly when the appropriate music sounds - we show with our hands how the lion opens its mouth.
When the fragment sounds, the following task is given: “Tired, well-fed lions, their cubs lie down to rest (on the floor, or “climb a tree” - a bench, hanging their paws, tails)
Then calm, quiet music sounds. (Lullaby without words) "The lions fall asleep."
Objectives: The first part of the exercise releases the energy accumulated during the session, develops activity, general motor skills. By creating the image of an animal, the child has the opportunity to express himself creatively. The second part: relaxation, the transition from active actions to calm. In general, this exercise increases children's interest in classes. It is always expected and performed with special enthusiasm.
Final sharing.
We look forward to the next lesson.
Second lesson.
Course progress.
Quiet calm music sounds or a recording of the sounds of wildlife.
I A warm-up exercise that helps to establish contact between the participants.
"Pass around" (1)
Duration 5-10 min.
Sitting in a circle, the host (with pantomime) passes an imaginary object around the circle: “hot potato”, “ice”, “bead”, “kitten”, etc., without naming it.
We discuss what we liked about the exercise, what was difficult/easy to do and for whom.
Objectives: To include each participant in the overall process. Also, the exercise teaches children to be attentive, accurate, develops coordination of movements, memory.
II Exercise "MY GOOD QUALITIES" (1)
Duration 10-15 min.
Each child must remember his best qualities within a few minutes. Then all the participants, sitting in a circle, take turns talking about themselves.
Suggestions: Give each child a chance to speak. The guys should tell what helps them to be sure why they think so. If a dispute arises, invite each participant to prove their point of view.
Purpose: The exercise helps to overcome shyness, to realize one's positive qualities, and increases self-esteem.
III Art therapy game "DRAW ANGER" (1)
Duration 15-20 min.
Invite the children to draw (or mold from plasticine) anger or a person at the moment of aggression. You can recall a situation in which the child experienced a feeling of anger, and draw it.
Recommendations: drawing helps children to remove aggression. First, offer to remember the situation of manifestation of aggression, and then draw it. Be sure to pay attention to what colors the participants use. If very dark, gloomy, this means that the child is still subconsciously experiencing this situation.
When the task is completed, all participants discuss the drawings and offer their own ways to get out of the situation without showing aggression.
Objectives: The game helps to remove the state of aggression, understand one's emotional state, teaches one to express one's emotions with the help of a drawing, to talk about them (i.e. to ventilate), and also to create models of assertive behavior in conflict situations. (Speaking in childish language - “good, calm” behavior, “helps maintain friendship, good relations”, etc.)
IV Exercise "ENGINE" (1)
Duration 10 -15 min.
Children stand next to each other, holding on to their shoulders. The "engine" carries children, overcoming various obstacles with trailers. In this game, it is important that the guide is not in a hurry and drives the “carriages” carefully. The game can be repeated several times so that everyone can be in the role of a train. The game can be complicated and offered to all participants, except for the guide, to close their eyes or tie with a strip of cloth.
After the exercise, we discuss how the participants felt, being in the role of a train and a trailer.
Objectives: The exercise teaches children to work in a group, to see the consequences of their actions and be responsible for them, to be responsible for the actions of the group, develop coordination of movements.
V Role-playing game "CHANCE IN THE FOREST"(3)
Duration 10 -15 min.
Cheerful music sounds, but not very loud.
The host tells the children a fairy tale, and the children are invited to play it in roles, “play theater”.
“Once upon a time there was a fox in the forest. She really wanted to be the most beautiful, the best. Here she is walking through the forest and trying to show everyone her fur coat, paws, tail. (The child shows how the fox is walking through the forest.) What kind of fox is this? What she does? (bragging)
And the bunny, quite small, had just changed his fur coat from gray to white and also wanted to show it to everyone. At this time, hunters arrived in the forest. The hare saw them and let's grimacing in front of them, jumping, grimacing, he really wanted the hunters to only look at him. (The child pretends to be a hare.) What is the hare doing wrong? What can happen? How should he do better? ("Hare" is looking for a secluded place and hides from hunters.)
“Now let's play a fairy tale about a wolf and a mouse. (The following members are getting ready to impersonate new characters.)
One day a wolf hid in the forest. Mouse says:
If I only want
I'll grab the wolf by the tail
I punch in the side,
I will tear out a tuft of wool for a wolf -
The wolf will run away in fright!
The wolf heard such words, got angry, growled and ... ran out from behind the bush. The mouse was frightened, its tail tucked up and ... "What happened next? How did the mouse behave? Why is the wolf angry?
We discuss how the heroes of the fairy tale behaved, whether other inhabitants of the forest would want to be friends with them. Is it possible to brag, grimace and tease, why? How can peace be restored in the forest?
Recommendations: before the game, you can talk about the forest, the animals that live there, try to portray them (with facial expressions, gestures), and the host can guess who it is. And vice versa, the host can name the animal, and the guys portray it. Then - “the fairy tale begins, the guys turn ...” we turn to the staging.
Goals: participation in a common game; to teach children to portray individual character traits with the help of pantomime, to express their point of view; form moral ideas, develop acting skills.
VI Relaxation exercise. "ANIMALS REST"(3)
(Continuation of the previous game)
Duration 5-7min.
Children sit or stand in a circle. "The animals want to show what they did today."
Children show how animals wash themselves, warm their paws, scratch their ears, eat, wag their tails, etc.
Calm dancing Russian folk music sounds.
“In the evening, all the animals put the kids to bed. The mother bear also put her cubs to bed.
A lullaby from m / f "Umka" or any other sounds.
The bear cubs fell asleep, and in a dream they dreamed of both a stupid hare and a wolf with a mouse. They also dreamed that their mother brought them each a pot of honey. The cubs woke up and see - in front of each is a pot of honey. We ate, told my mother ... what? Quiet in the forest.
Final sharing.
We talk about well-being, mood, favorite exercises, difficulties.
As always, we look forward to our next session.
Here are some more games and exercises for training.(4)
To develop attention
"EVERYTHING IS REVERSED"
This game will surely appeal to little stubborn people who like to do everything the other way around. Try to "legalize" their passion to argue. An adult in this game will be the leader. He must demonstrate a variety of movements, and the child must also perform movements, only completely opposite to what he is shown. So, if an adult raised his hands, the child should lower them; if he jumped, he should sit down; if he extended his leg forward, he should take it back, etc.
Note. As you probably noticed, the player will need not only the desire to contradict, but also the ability to think quickly, choosing the opposite movement. Draw the child's attention to the fact that the opposite is not just different, but somewhat similar, but different in direction. This game can be supplemented with the host’s periodic statements, to which the player will select antonyms. For example, the host will say “warm”, the player must immediately answer “cold” (you can use words of different parts of speech that have opposite meanings: run - stand, dry - wet, good - evil, fast - slow, a lot - little, etc.).
"MAGIC WORD"
Children usually love this game very much, because in it the adult is in the position of a child who is taught to be polite.
Ask the children what "magic" words they know and why they are called that. If they have already mastered enough etiquette norms, they will be able to answer that without these words, requests can look like a rude order, so people will not want to fulfill them. "Magic" words show respect for a person and dispose him to the speaker. Now the presenter will act as such a speaker, trying to achieve the fulfillment of his wishes. And children will be attentive interlocutors, sensitive to whether he said the word "please." If you say it in a phrase (for example, say: "Please raise your hands up!"), Then the child fulfills your request. If you just say your request (for example, "Clap your hands three times!"), then the child who teaches you to be polite should never perform this action.
Note. This game develops not only attention, but also the ability of children to arbitrariness (performing actions not impulsively, simply because now you want it, but in connection with certain rules and goals). This important characteristic is considered by many psychologists to be one of the leading ones in determining whether a child is ready for school.
For relaxation:
"TOUCH"
This game will help the child relax, relieve tension, increase his tactile susceptibility.
Prepare items made from various materials. These can be pieces of fur, glass items, wooden items, cotton wool, something made of paper, etc. Put them on the table in front of the child. When he examines them, invite him to close his eyes and try to guess what you are touching his hand with.
Note. You can also touch the cheek, neck, knee. In any case, your touch should be gentle, unhurried, pleasant.
"SOLDIER AND RAG DOLL"
The easiest and most reliable way to teach children to relax is to teach them to alternate between strong muscle tension and subsequent relaxation. Therefore, this and subsequent game will help you to do it in a playful way.
So, invite the child to imagine that he is a soldier. Remember with him how to stand on the parade ground - stretched out to attention and frozen. Have the player pretend to be such a soldier as soon as you say the word "soldier". After the child stands in such a tense position, say another command - "rag doll". When performing it, the boy or girl should relax as much as possible, lean forward slightly so that their arms dangle as if they were made of cloth and cotton. Help them imagine that their whole body is soft, supple. The player must then become a soldier again, and so on.
Note. You should finish such games at the stage of relaxation, when you feel that the child has had enough rest.
For the development of volitional regulation:
WARM-UP "FREEZE"
In this game, the child needs to be attentive and be able to overcome motor automatism, controlling his actions.
Put on some dance music. While it sounds, the child can jump, spin, dance. But as soon as you turn off the sound, the players should freeze in place in the position in which the silence caught them.
Note. You can also introduce a competitive motive: those who did not have time to freeze after the end of the music are eliminated from the game or are subjected to some kind of comic punishment (for example, toast a birthday man or help set the table).
"SPEAK ON THE SIGNAL"
Now you will just chat with the guys, asking them any questions. But they should not answer you immediately, but only when they see a prearranged signal, for example, arms folded on their chest or scratching the back of the head. If you asked your question, but did not make the agreed movement, the child should be silent, as if they were not addressing him, even if the answer is spinning on his tongue.
Note. During this conversation game, additional goals can be achieved depending on the nature of the questions being asked. So, asking a child with interest about his desires, inclinations, interests, attachments, you increase his self-esteem, help him pay attention to his "I". By asking questions about the content of the topic covered in a group lesson, you will consolidate certain knowledge in parallel with the development of volitional regulation.
For communication:
"HEADBALL"
In this game, in order to be successful, each child will have to take into account the pace and nature of the movements of the other person. In general, his usual impulsiveness will not help the cause.
So, let each child, together with their couple, stand at the line under the conditional name "start". Put a pencil on this line. The task of the players is to take this pencil from both sides so that each of them touches its tip with only the index finger. Using these two fingers for two, they should be able to pick up a pencil, carry it to the end of the room and return back. If during this time they did not drop what they were carrying and did not help themselves with the other hand, then you can congratulate the couple on the successful completion of the task. This means that they are able to be friends, since they have shown such good cooperation skills with each other.
As the next task, you can take a piece of paper, which the players must carry by holding it with their shoulders. Then offer them a soft toy to carry using only their ears and cheeks.
And finally, offer a more difficult task - the ball that they must convey using only their heads (literally and figuratively). This is not as easy as it might seem at first glance, because the ball, due to its shape, will tend to slide off. If you are playing a game with more than two children, then after this round, offer them the same task, which they will now do all together (that is, three or five). It really unites the children and creates a friendly, joyful atmosphere. When trying to complete a task, they usually figure out pretty quickly that they can do it better if they hug their shoulders and walk together in small steps, discussing when to turn or stop.
Note. If the child did not immediately succeed in cooperating with other children, then (when his peers begin to complete the task) pay attention to how the pair of players coordinate their actions: they talk among themselves, the fast one adjusts to the slower one, hold hands to better feel the movements of the other, etc.
(for this, a warm floor or a soft carpet will be needed) - this will shorten the distance between the adult leader and the small participants, and will arrange the children for a confidential conversation.
You can start sharing with yourself, talk about how the weather or some events of the day affected your mood and well-being. You can also start with more active or older guys; they will set an example for shy children who are reluctant to engage in conversation at the beginning of class.
"POLITE WORDS"
As a rule, children play this simple game with pleasure, perking up noticeably and overcoming the embarrassment of the first minutes of the meeting. They start with monosyllabic expressions, and end with ornate compliments to each other.
"PRESS CONFERENCE" Make sure that everyone can ask a question. Often active children do not allow the more shy to speak out. Draw their attention to it.
Before the start of all ROLE GAMES, where there are main and secondary characters, there may be difficulties with the distribution of roles, because Every child wants to be in charge. From my own experience, I was convinced that it is very good to start the distribution of roles with minor characters, gradually reaching the main ones. Since the most active ones are always eager to fight right away, they quickly snap up the roles that were offered first. And shy guys can get the main roles, which, of course, helps them to increase self-esteem. Of course, when repeating the game in the next lesson, children may not succumb to this trick, but here I usually include the golden rule - "everyone in turn." Today one, and next time the other plays a major role.
It is important to remember that the results of work on behavior correction in children with all of these problems can be expected no earlier than six months later. Of course, with the active participation of parents, shifts in a positive direction are possible after 4 months. By participation, I mean: firstly, interest in the harmonious development of the child, awareness and recognition of the problems that are revealed in the process of psychological testing. Secondly, following the psychologist's advice on changing the model of relationships in the family, if they are the cause of the child's problematic behavior. It is important to convey to parents that it is possible to change the character or bad habits only if all the relatives of the baby are interested in this and are ready to interact.
However, despite the fact that noticeable changes will not come soon, some differences in the behavior of children in the training are very noticeable immediately. I have the opportunity to compare how children behave in music classes, where they come in groups of 15-20 people, and in game training.
For example, one seven-year-old boy was literally “asleep on the go” during music lessons; I didn’t hear what I or the teacher were saying, I had to lead him by the hand and remind him all the time what to do. In general, he gave the impression of a very inhibited child. At my training, he revealed himself as an actor! I had never seen this boy smiling before, and here he was emotionally fulfilling his role, which he himself volunteered to play, with pleasure!
Another child, a fidget, who was considered "hard to control" and inattentive, showed miracles of observation in the first lesson. Participating in the "Press Conference" exercise, he asked interesting questions about the girls' hobbies. I thought he had a sister. It turned out not. It's just that this nimble little man, who is often scolded for running around and making noise in a group, notices and remembers well what is happening around, and can discuss it in detail.
Janitor Svetlana Anatolievna
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Everyone sitting here has different fates, different characters, different views on life, but there is something that unites us all - these are our children. One of the famous teachers said that "children are our future, their correct upbringing is our happy future, bad upbringing is our grief and tears." (Slide 2) How they grow up, enter the world of adulthood largely depends on you and me. How and what needs to be done to make our children happy, trust us, share their joys and sorrows, be frank. I invite you today to talk about our communication with children.
A person is constantly in a whirlpool of contacts with people close to him and completely unfamiliar. His successes, achievements, as well as mental well-being largely depend on how well he mastered the art of communication in childhood. And it is an adult who should help him in this at first. After all, it is a close person who has a fairly rich worldly experience, who knows the characteristics of the character of his baby, is an authority for him at the beginning of his life.
As long as the child's social circle is limited to close adults, problems usually do not arise. Gradually, with increasing contact with peers and other adults, the child may have problems in terms of communication.
What is communication? (Slide 3)
According to Zankov, communication in general, and in the family in particular, is “a process of interaction between a parent and a child, aimed at mutual knowledge, establishing and developing relationships and involving mutual influence on states, feelings, thoughts, attitudes, behavior and regulation of joint activities.” So, communication is the main condition for the development and life of a person. (Slide 4)
How do you see communication with your children? What difficulties are encountered?
We don't always know how to get out of a difficult situation. We live in a very difficult time. Children want warmth, affection, understanding, and we often, trying to earn our daily bread, come home tired, often no longer able to communicate. The wall of misunderstanding of distrust grows, conflicts arise. And according to a social survey, it was found that parents spend only 18 minutes a day on a child.
Games that help develop communication skills. (Slide 5)
I will give examples of games that contribute to the development of basic communication skills, which parents can play at home individually with their child or together with his friends. These games can be divided into several different areas:
These exercises are aimed at overcoming the isolation, passivity, constraint of children, as well as motor emancipation. This is important because only a physically free child is calm and psychologically protected.
Game "Walks"
The child is invited to depict the gaits of various people and animals, for example, to resemble a clown in a circus, like a lion, like a kitten, etc.
Then you can invite the child to think of an animal and walk like it, and you will try to guess who the child wanted to portray by walking.
The game "My triangular cap" (Slide 7)
The players sit in a circle. Everyone in turn, starting with me, pronounce one word from the phrase: “My triangular cap, my triangular cap. And if not triangular, then this is not my cap. After that, the phrase is repeated again, but the children who fall out to say the word "cap" replace it with a gesture (for example, 2 light claps on their heads with their palms). Next time, 2 words are already being replaced: the word “cap” and the word “mine” (point to yourself). In each subsequent round, the players say one word less, and “show” one more. In the final repetition, the children depict the entire phrase only with gestures.
2 direction - "Me and my language." (Slide 8)
Games aimed at the development of sign language, facial expressions and pantomimics, the understanding that in addition to speech, there are other means of communication.
Game "Broken Phone"
Children need to whisper the word along the chain so that it is not lost or changed. The child to whom the word is to be given pretends to be asleep. Each transmitter must wake the other, doing it carefully and carefully. Thus, we train to follow 2 rules: do not offend anyone and listen carefully.
Game "Through the glass"
The child is invited to say something to each other with gestures, imagining that they are separated from each other by glass, through which sounds do not penetrate. A topic for conversation can be suggested, for example: "You forgot to put on a hat, and it's very cold outside."
3 direction - "Me and my emotions." (Slide 9)
Games aimed at getting to know a person's emotions, understanding their emotions, as well as recognizing the emotional reactions of other people and developing the ability to adequately express their emotions.
Mood diary game
Start a “mood diary” with your child, in which you will mark his mood every day with him. If it changes during the day, then make a few marks. Symbols are introduced:
Cheerful joyful mood
A little sad, I want to be silent, to think about something,
Sad and boring, I want to cry.
Together with your child, you can come up with your own designations or expand these.
The mood diary enhances attention to one's emotions, mood, gives awareness of one's emotional state and the ability to express it in words.
4 direction - "Me and I" (Slide 10)
Here are collected exercises aimed at developing the child's attention to himself, his feelings, experiences.
The game "Draw yourself"
The child is invited to draw himself with colored pencils. After drawing, discuss with the baby what he likes and dislikes about himself and in his image, why. And then ask the child to draw himself when he grows up.
Boasting Contest Game
An adult invites a child to compete in the ability to brag. They take turns boasting, for example, one says “I am beautiful”, the other says “I am brave”, etc. It is necessary to strive to say as much good about yourself as possible.
5 direction - "I and others." (Slide 11)
Games aimed at developing in children the skills of joint activities, a sense of community, understanding the individual characteristics of other people, the formation of an attentive, friendly attitude towards people and towards each other.
The game "Blind and guide"
The child is blindfolded. The parent must lead the “blind” around the room, overcoming various obstacles with him. It is important to show and help to feel the responsibility that the leader bears for the condition and well-being of the follower. Then switch places.
Exercise "Drawings on the back"
Children are divided into groups of three people each, forming one giant star. Each group becomes one of the rays of this star, for this it is necessary to sit on the floor in one row, one after the other, turning their backs to the leader. The facilitator shows pictures of figures to the children sitting closest to him, and they will need to draw it on the back of the child sitting in front of them. The second child in the row will try to “read” the drawing with his back and will have to draw the same thing on the back of the one sitting in front of him. Etc. When the picture “reaches” the child sitting at the top of his beam, he will have to draw on a piece of paper the drawing that “reached” him.
Rules for raising a sociable child. (Slide 12)
These games will certainly help the child, but parents need to remember that improper upbringing and communication style can neutralize the result of the games. Therefore, parents need to remember: (Slides 13, 14, 15, 16)
- From the repeated signs of greeting, approval, love and acceptance, the child gets the feeling: “everything is all right with me”, “I am a good child”. From the signals of condemnation, discontent, criticism - the feeling "something is wrong with me", "I am bad."
- The child's mental piggy bank works day and night, its value depends on what we throw into it.
- Learn to listen to your child in joy and in sorrow.
- Even the demands you make on your child should be filled with love and hope.
- When punishing your child, stay close to him, do not avoid communication with him.
- Become a role model for your child in showing positive emotions towards your family members and towards other people.
- Hug and kiss your child at any age.
- Do not talk to your child with an indifferent and indifferent face.
- Spend enough time with your child, and don't complain that you don't have that time.
- Start your beautiful, kind and bright communication rituals in the family that will make your life and the life of your child warmer and happier.
Conclusion. Smile more often, a sincere smile will help remove distrust, create a favorable environment for communication, a smiling person disposes himself to communication, not only I speak about this, but also children's drawings.
Warmth and gentleness of treatment encourage, inspire confidence, contribute to the development of attachment to parents, friends, and oneself. And in today's conversation, I would not like to put an end to it. Perhaps today we will not solve all the problems on this issue, but if you thought about it, took note of some tips, then the conversation took place.
A wise man once said that man is given the only luxury. "The only true luxury is the luxury of human interaction."
Dear parents, colleagues, communicate and be happy! (Slide 17)
Card file of games for training."LET'S HELLO"
Purpose: the exercise continues acquaintance, creates a psychologically relaxed atmosphere.
At the beginning of the exercise, we talk about different ways of greeting, real and comic. Children are invited to greet with their shoulder, back, hand, nose, cheek, invent their own unusual way of greeting for today's lesson and greet them. (For each subsequent lesson, a new, previously unused way of greeting is invented!
"GET UP ALL OF YOU. WHO..."
Purpose: the exercise is aimed at developing attention, observation, as well as the continuation of group acquaintance.
The host gives the task: "Stand up all those who ...
- likes to run, - enjoys good weather,
- has a younger sister, - likes to give flowers, etc.
If desired, the role of the leader can be played by children.
After completing the exercise, the children are asked questions summing up the game:
- Now we will see who in our group turned out to be the most attentive. Which of the guys remembered who in our group likes sweets? Who has a younger sister? etc.
Then the questions become more complex (include two variables):
- Who in our group likes sweets and has a younger sister? Each question is addressed to a specific child, if he cannot answer himself, the group helps him.
"DESCRIBE A FRIEND"
Purpose: the development of attentiveness and the ability to describe what he saw, the continuation of acquaintance.
The exercise is performed in pairs (simultaneously by all participants). Children stand with their backs to each other and take turns describing the hairstyle, clothes and face of their partner.
Then the description is compared with the original and it is concluded that
how accurate the child was.
"WHAT CHANGED"
Purpose: development of attention and observation necessary for effective communication.
Each child takes turns becoming a leader. The driver leaves the room. During this time, the group makes several changes in clothes, children's hairstyles, you can move to another place (but no more than two or three changes; all changes made must be visible). The task of the driver is to correctly notice the changes that have occurred.
" HOW DO YOU FEEL?"
Purpose: the development of mindfulness, empathy, the ability to feel the mood of another.
The exercise is performed in a circle.
Each child carefully looks at his neighbor on the left and tries to guess how he feels, talks about it.
The child, whose condition is described, listens and then agrees with what was said or disagrees, complements.
"MY MOOD"
Goal: developing the ability to describe your mood, recognize the moods of others, develop empathy.
Children are invited to tell others about their mood: it can be drawn, it can be compared with any color, animal, state, you can show it in motion - it all depends on the child's imagination and desire.
"A GIFT FOR EVERYONE (FLOWER - SEMITSVETIK)"
Purpose: development of team spirit, the ability to make friends, make the right choice, cooperate with peers.
The children are given the task: "If you were a magician and could work miracles, what would you give now to all of us together?" Or: "If we had a Seven-Flower Flower, what wish would you make?" Each child makes one wish by tearing off one petal from the common flower.
Fly, fly, petal, through the west to the east,
Through the north, through the south, come back, make a circle,
As soon as you touch the ground, in my opinion they led.
Lead to... At the end, you can hold a competition for the best wish for everyone.
"PORTRAIT OF THE BEST FRIEND"
Purpose: development of analysis and introspection.
Children are given the task to draw a portrait of their best friend. Then the conversation takes place:
- Who do you consider your best, best friend? What qualities does this person have? Do you want to be considered a good friend? What do you need to do, how to behave?
During the general discussions, the rules of joyful communication are formulated, which they draw in a schematic form accessible to children or write them down on a sheet of drawing paper in block letters (if the children already know how to read). For instance:
- Help your friends.
- Share with them, learn to play and practice together.
- Stop a friend if he does something bad. Tell him if he is wrong about something.
- Do not quarrel, do not argue over trifles; play with everyone.
- Do not envy.
- If you did something bad, don't be afraid to admit it, apologize.
- Calmly accept the advice and help of other guys.
- Do not rejoice when someone loses. Help him if you can.
- If you lost yourself, do not take out your anger on others, maybe you will win next time.
"Study for different positions in communication"
Purpose: to feel different positions in communication.
Children are given the task to break into pairs. Communication in pairs takes place in a dialogue mode. For communication, interesting and relevant topics for children are offered: "My favorite animal", "My most
happy day last month" etc.
First, the communication situation is organized when both children sit facing each other, then one child sits on a chair, and the other stands near his chair (children change places), then children sitting on a chair
back to back, continue the conversation.
After the children are asked about the impression, the mood that arose in the process of communication. How did you like to communicate? Why?
“HANDS GET TO KNOW. HANDS FIGHT. HANDS RECONCILE»
Purpose: correlation of a person and his tactile image, removal of bodily barriers; developing the ability to express one's feelings and understand the feelings of another through touch.
The exercise is performed in pairs with their eyes closed, the children sit opposite each other at arm's length. An adult gives tasks (each task is completed 2-3 minutes): - Close your eyes, stretch your hands towards each other, get to know each other with one hand. Try to get to know your neighbor better. Put your hands down"
- Stretch your arms forward again, find the hands of a neighbor. Your hands are quarreling. Put your hands down.
Your hands are looking for each other again. They want to reconcile. Your hands make up, they ask for forgiveness, you part as friends.
Discuss how the exercise went, what feelings arose during the exercise, what did you like more?
"MAGIC MEANS OF UNDERSTANDING"
Purpose: the realization that it is possible to help a person who is sad, bad, that everyone is able to help everyone who needs it, understanding what exactly can be done for this.
What helps you when it is difficult for you, when you feel bad, when you have been guilty, when you have been offended?
- What is special about the people with whom we are pleased to communicate, what distinguishes them? (smile, ability to listen, eye contact, kind gentle voice, soft unsharp gestures, pleasant touches, polite words, ability to understand a person).
- Why can we call these means of understanding "magical"?
- Can you and I use these "magic" remedies when?
"FACES"
Purpose: promotes the development of understanding of facial expressions and facial expressions.
The leader hangs various pictures, masks on the board:
- joy, - surprise, - interest,
- anger, anger, - fear, - shame,
- contempt, - disgust,
The task of children is to determine what feeling the mask expresses.
"MASK"
Purpose: the ability to distinguish facial expressions, independently consciously use facial expressions to express their emotions.
Each of the participants is given a task - to express grief, joy, pain, fear, surprise with the help of facial expressions ... The rest of the participants must determine what the participant was trying to portray.
"ROLE PLAYING SITUATIONS"
Purpose: the exercise is performed in pairs, it is aimed at specific study, the use of "magic" means of understanding, the development of empathy, the use of already familiar means of understanding.
Using the "magic" means of understanding, children should help:
1) crying child, he lost the ball;
2) mother came home from work, she was very tired;
3) a friend in the class is sad, his mother is ill;
4) your friend is crying, he got a bad grade;
5) a neighbor girl asked you to make an application for her ... You need to choose as many situations so that each child can complete the task.
"PAINTING"
Purpose: development of empathy, creative imagination.
The children are given the task: "Draw a kind animal and call it an affectionate name, reward it with some magical means of understanding."
Drawing is carried out to quiet calm music, paints or bright crayons, felt-tip pens on unlined white sheets. Then a competition is held for the kindest animal. Winner
diploma is awarded.
"ARTIST OF THE WORD"
Purpose: development of the ability to describe the observed, the ability to highlight the details that are essential for describing, the use of acceptable, harmless words, the expansion of the active and passive vocabulary of children.
Each child in turn thinks of someone from the group and begins to draw his verbal portrait - his external features (and, if possible, internal, psychological), without specifically naming this person.
Given the level of development of children, you can offer them exercises for associative perception. (What animal does it look like? What flower? What piece of furniture? Etc.)
"LET'S MAKE A GIFT TO EACH OTHER IN A CIRCLE"
Goal: development in children of feeling each other, understanding the mood of another, developing empathy.
The host gives the task to everyone to make a gift to their neighbor on the right, but not a specific gift, but a fictitious one: "What would you like to give to this particular person? Give the gift that, in your opinion, he especially needs now." A gift can be described in words or shown with gestures.
"TOY"
Purpose: role-playing situations, developing skills for effective interaction, empathy, and the ability to cooperate.
The exercise is performed in pairs. One child from a couple is the owner of a beautiful and very beloved toy, with which he loves to play. Another child really wants to play with this toy. His task is to persuade the owner of the toy to let him play with it.
Important: when performing this exercise, the child - the owner of the toy, is given any toy in his hands, which he must present as his favorite. As soon as the owner of the toy gives it to the asking child, the exercise is interrupted and the child is asked why he gave the toy.
The leading activity at preschool age is the game, so the proposed program is based on game exercises aimed at ensuring the psychological comfort of the child's stay in kindergarten and during adaptation at school.
At this age, self-knowledge begins - the discovery of oneself - one of the most important discoveries in the world. And next to you is another, and you have to learn to look and see, listen and hear, understand and accept the other.
As adults, we are well aware of the importance of game repetition for a child. We use them often. Classes with repetitions become close and understandable for them. Information obtained by repetition is better remembered.
At first, all games are offered and conducted by an adult. In the future, children will increasingly ask an adult to play some specific games that they seem to need right now.
Target correctional and developmental program: cooperation of children in a group, which provides for the creation of a sense of belonging to a group, a positive emotional background, the ability to understand one's emotional state and recognize the feelings of people around, the development of communication skills.
At the same time, there is a positive cooperation of each child with the ideal adult, who is the leader.
Lesson form. Each lesson consists of three parts: warm-up, main and final.
Warm up
Goals:
1. Creating a positive attitude in the group.
2. Maintaining a friendly attitude of children towards each other during classes.
3. Tactile contact with each other.
4. Development of positive self-esteem.
The main warm-up procedures are greetings and contact exercises.
Main part.
The main part plays a leading role during the whole lesson. It includes mainly games aimed at correcting the emotional and personal sphere of the child.
Conclusion
Objectives: to create for each participant a sense of belonging to the group and to consolidate positive emotions from work in the classroom.
Saying goodbye to children is ritualistic.
EDUCATIONAL AND THEMATIC PLAN
| №
p/n |
Content | Number of lessons | |
|---|---|---|---|
| theory | practice | ||
| 1. | Sociometry | 1 | |
| 2. | Group behavior rules | 1 | |
| 3. | Establishing contact | 1 | |
| 4. | Sense perception of self | 1 | |
| 5. | Recognition and regulation of one's condition | 1 | |
| 6. | attention to partner | 1 | |
| 7. | Boosting self esteem | 1 | |
| 8. | Trust in another person | 1 | |
| 9. | Cohesion of children in a group | 1 | |
| 10. | The ability to read the mood of another | 1 | |
| 11. | Interaction skills | 1 | |
| 12. | different moods | 1 | |
| 13. | Ability to comfort others | 1 | |
| 14. | Conflicts in contact, or conflict resolution | 1 | |
| 15. | Self-management (self-regulation) | 1 | |
| 16. | Ability to make contact | 1 | |
| 17. | Group interaction | 1 | |
| 18. | Self-esteem. Sociometry | 1 | |
| With | Total | 2 | 16 |
| Total | 18 lessons |
||
ACTIVITY 1.
SOCIOMETRY
Target. Divide children into subgroups. Three games are used for this: "Engine", "River", "Scientist".
1. The game "Engine"
The guys scatter to different corners of the room and choose a place for themselves - this is their "station". One of the participants is a "locomotive". His task is to bypass everyone and collect passengers to the music or the famous song of M. Starokadomsky “Merry Travelers”.
When the “train” has gathered everyone, the leader can ask the child who he took first and why. This game provides an opportunity to determine the choices of children. An assistant (in the case when the training is conducted by a psychologist, it can be an educator, a teacher) writes down on paper the choice of each child.
2. Game "River"
The players stand in one column. The host announces that they are all a big river, which in one place “spills” into two branches: two small rivers.
At the beginning of the column, it is necessary to put two leaders and, showing how the river “spills”, separate them in different directions. The rest of the children take turns going in different directions. Everyone's wishes are taken into account. The assistant fixes the merging of children into subgroups. Perhaps these are future subgroups of social training.
The host climbs onto a chair and declares himself a scientist, and all the children are droplets. He asks the children to spread out across the room. The scientist needs to compose a very important substance and send it into space. In the flask he is holding, he will drip 3 different liquids: yellow, green and red. After each “infusion” of color, the droplets (and these are the children in the group) begin to move and merge (join hands) until the scientist says: “Stop!” And so 3 times. During the experiment, droplets merge 2–3–6, etc.
It’s very good if for the third time the children form one big drop, but you don’t need to push them to this leader, you should patiently wait for what happens.
Assistant fixes everything. In this way, we identify social associations in which, with the help of the games and exercises proposed below, the cooperation of children with each other can be strengthened.
If the group of children is small, for example 12 people, then in order to unite the group, it is better not to divide it.
ACTIVITY 2.
GROUP RULES OF CONDUCT
The facilitator invites the children to take their places on chairs standing in a circle, and introduces the rules of behavior in the group.
Leading. Girls and boys! Once a week we will play games with you that will help you become more courageous and self-confident. They will teach you how to relax and treat each other nicely and still be in a great mood.
Each lesson consists of three parts. The 1st part is called "Warm-up". It is held in a circle, everyone sits on chairs. A warm-up is needed so that we tune in to classes, become kinder to each other, more attentive.
Part 2 is the main one. Here we can sit on chairs, and stand in a circle, and sit on the carpet. We will play with each other and all together. We need to learn to understand each other.
The 3rd part is the final games, farewell to each other.
Guys, we will sit in a circle, which means - according to a certain rule, according to the law. For those who sit in a circle, there is a rule: "When one speaks, the rest listen to him and understand." Remember the cartoon "Mowgli"? There, too, when one spoke, the others listened attentively and did not interrupt him. For example, this is how they listened to Bagheera, the bear Balu. And when you listen carefully, you can learn a lot of new and interesting things. Shouldn't we, children, have such a wonderful rule?
Children's answers.
This rule is repeated and understood.
Girls and boys, who understood this rule? And who is going to do it? Fine! This means that the rule will also apply in our circle: “When one person speaks, the rest listen to him and try to understand.”
It will be very good if in our classes you will say what you think and feel. We will all learn this together.
In conclusion, the host can play one game from the warm-up, one of the main part (it is better if it is already a well-known game, for example, "Scientist"). Finally, we must say goodbye.
This farewell game may become ritualized in the future.
ACTIVITY 3.
ESTABLISHING CONTACT
Warm up
1. "Crystal ball"
From the “magic” box, the facilitator takes out a crystal ball, then asks the children, passing it around in a circle, to talk about how they feel.
2. "Mood Barometer"
The facilitator shows a real barometer and talks about its action.
Children are invited to show their mood (as a barometer shows the weather) only with their hands: a bad mood - the palms touch each other, a good one - the hands are spread apart.
3. "Affectionate name"
The host invites each child to affectionately name the neighbor sitting on the right, who must certainly thank the speaker by saying “Thank you”.
4. "Tender hands - a kind look - a pleasant smile"
It is proposed to put your hands on top of the hands of a neighbor sitting on the left, look into his eyes and smile. And so in a circle.
Main part
5. "Go away!"
The host offers to “play out” his bad mood.
Leading. Children, show your bad mood in the game "Go away!". To do this, meet in pairs and, putting your hands together and frowning your eyebrows, angrily say to each other: “Go away!” Then go to another boy or girl.
6. "Tuh-tibi-spirit!"
Leading. I will now give you a special word. This is a magic spell against bad mood. Start walking around the room without talking to anyone. As soon as you feel like talking, stop in front of one of their children and say the magic word "tukh-tibi-dukh!" angrily and angrily three times.
The second child should stand quietly and listen as you say the magic word. But if he wants, he can answer you in the same way: say angrily three times: “Tuh-tibi-dukh!”
From time to time, stop in front of someone and again angrily say this magic word.
7. "Come to me!"
Leading. Now walk around the room and from time to time, meeting someone, say: “Come to me!” At the same time, you can smile at your friend and call him, showing with your hands. Approaching each other, hug and stand like that.
Conclusion
8. "Support" ("Magic Circle")
Leading. Children, stand in a circle. It will be a magical circle, because the children who stand in the circle will do everything to ensure that the one who stands in the center has amazing adventures. Which one of you would like to be the first to stand in the middle?
Seryozha, stand in a circle exactly in the middle, put your feet together, keep straight. Everyone else, standing in a circle, raise your hands to chest level (show). When Seryozha falls in your direction, you must catch him and carefully return him to the center of the circle.
9. "Good warmth"
Leading. This exercise is called "Kind Warmth". Stand in a circle and gently hold hands. “Heat” will go from me to the right, that is, I will gently shake my neighbor’s hand on the right, he will next, and so on in a circle. Let's try.
And now the same thing, but with closed eyes. Let's see how the group works together.
ACTIVITY 4.
SENSUAL PERCEPTION OF YOURSELF
Warm up
1. "Mood barometer"
(See activity 3, game 2.)
2. "What I like to do"
Leading. I would like us to get to know each other better. To do this, I offer you the following game. One of you will choose something that he really likes to do and start showing us without words. Everyone else is watching carefully what the speaker is doing and trying to guess what he wants to tell us, but they themselves do not say anything yet. Once the speaker has completed his pantomime (vocabulary work), we can begin to give our guesses.
After everyone who wants to speak, we can ask the speaker if there are those among us who understood him correctly. After the discussion, the next speaker will speak. Let me start the game.
3. "Affectionate name"
(See activity 3, game 3.)
4. "I like..."
It is necessary to turn in a circle to the neighbor sitting on the left, with the words: “Sasha, I like it ...”, that is, to praise the neighbor for something, to compliment him (dictionary work).
5. "Mood Barometer"
(See activity 3, game 2.)
Main part
6. "Chair of love"
A chair is placed in the center.
Leading. This chair is not easy, it is a chair of love. Who is the first to want to sit on it and receive affection, warmth and love from others? Sit down, Lena, close your eyes and don't open until I say. And you guys, quietly come up and gently, gently stroke Lena on the legs, back. Now run on tiptoe. Lena, open your eyes and tell us if you liked the "chair of love"?
7. "Princess Nesmeyana"
A chair is placed in the center. A child sits on it. To cheer up Princess Nesmeyana, you need to say kind words to her about how good she is.
The children take turns telling the princess about her good qualities.
Conclusion
8. "Support"
(See activity 3, game 8.)
9. "Good warmth"
(See activity 3, game 9.)
ACTIVITY 5.
RECOGNITION AND REGULATION
YOUR CONDITION
Warm up
1. "Birch"
Leading. Stand up straight, feet together, hands down. Raise your arms up, while the back is straight, the chin is raised. Legs, like the roots of a tree, grow into the ground, feet together and pressed to the floor. Stretch your whole body up as if you were a strong tree that is not afraid of any storm. Your body is slim, beautiful, strong. After 10 seconds, the arms slowly lower. Take 2-3 calm breaths and exhales and repeat the exercise.
2. "Pick apples"
Leading. Imagine that there is a big apple tree growing in front of you with wonderful big apples. Apples hang directly overhead, but it is not possible to get them without difficulty. Look at me, I'll show you how you can pluck them. You see, there is a big apple hanging at the top right. Stretch your right hand as high as possible, rise on your tiptoes and take a sharp breath. Now pluck the apple. Bend down and lay it on the grass. Now exhale slowly. We do the same with the other hand.
3. "Tender words"
You need to turn to the neighbor on the left and say a kind word to him, and then wait for him to say another kind word to you. The host begins: “kind” - “beautiful” ...
4. "Mood barometer"
(See activity 3, game 2.)
Main part
5. "No!"
To the music, the host speaks calmly and slowly.
Leading. Sit comfortably, relax. Close your eyes. Breathe evenly and slowly. Inhale - strength, exhale - confidence and calmness. These forces will always help you. Your body felt empowered. Imagine your voice saying "No!" All the strength you need is in you. This is your strength!
Now wiggle your fingers, arm, open your eyes and say, "I can say no!" when needed!
6. Thunderstorm
Leading. Guys, who is afraid of thunderstorms? Slava, do you want to reduce your fear? Lie down on the floor. We will guard your dream. Now close your eyes.
The grass rustled and a light rain fell.
The rain began to intensify.
Thunder boomed. The hail fell. It poured pouring rain.
There was a light rain.
A light breeze blew.
Finally, the first rays of the sun came out. Wake up baby How do you feel? Has your fear of thunder decreased?
7. "Kind animal"
Children stand in a circle and hold hands.
Leading. Let's play a game called "Kind Animal". We are one big, kind animal. Let's hear how it breathes. Now let's breathe together. Inhale - everyone takes a step forward. Exhale - step back. Our animal breathes very evenly and calmly. And now let's depict and listen to how his big heart beats. A knock is a step forward, a knock is a step back.
Conclusion
8. "Support"
(See activity 3, game 8.)
9. "Good warmth"
(See activity 3, game 9.)
SESSION 6. ATTENTION TO THE PARTNER
Warm up
1. "Tender hands - a kind look - a pleasant smile"
(See activity 3, game 4.)
2. "Relay race of good news"
Leading. I want each of you to tell us something nice that happened to him yesterday (this week). Moreover, while you are talking, the tennis ball is in your hands. When you are done talking, pass the baton of good news, that is, pass the ball to a neighbor, and so on in a circle.
3. "Birch"
(See activity 5, game 1.)
4. "Clear your brains"
Leading. Right now, we will all perform a special ritual together (vocabulary work). This ritual should help us remove all the dust that has accumulated in the depths of our mind.
Stand with your feet a little apart and keep your hands about 20 cm from your ears. Imagine that you are holding a golden thread in your hands that enters one ear, passes through your head, and exits the other ear.
You made it! Now start pulling back and forth, from one ear to the other...
Look around, see how everyone is doing the same. Now let's do it in the same rhythm. Ready? One-two, one-two! Left-right, left-right!
Do you know who you are now? You are mental chimney sweeps. You have cleared the contents of your head and are ready for new discoveries.
Main part
5. "Describe each other"
Two people stand or sit with their backs to each other and take turns describing the hairstyle, face, clothes of the other. It turns out who was more accurate when describing a friend.
6. "Cows, dogs, cats"
Leading. Please stand in a wide circle. I will approach each of you and whisper the name of some animal in your ear. Remember it well, because then you will have to become this animal. Don't tell anyone what I whispered to you.
Take turns whispering into the children's ears: "You will be a cow", "You will be a dog", "You will be a cat".
Now close your eyes. Forget human language for a moment. In a minute, I will ask you to "speak" as your animal "speaks". You need to, without opening your eyes, unite in groups with all those animals that "speak" just like you. You can walk around the room and, having heard your animal, move towards it. Then, hand in hand, you two walk together and make the sound of this animal together in order to find other children “speaking” your language.
Ready? Did everyone close their eyes? Prick up your ears and listen to the sounds of cow, dog and cat... Let's start!
7. "Three faces"
Leading. I will show you three facial expressions. At the same time, I want you to guess what facial expression I show.
Showing for the first time. What facial expression was I trying to show you? That's right, a fierce face. Let's all draw our eyebrows together, bare our teeth and clench our fists - show a fierce face.
I show you for the second time. And now?
(Answers.)
Now let each of you make a sad face. What gestures are best for us to make with our hands to express sadness?
Showing a third person. Which? The third person is happy. To do this, let's all smile broadly and press our hands to our hearts ...
Let's try again: sad, ferocious, happy.
Now split into pairs and stand with your comrades back to back. Choose one of the three faces we have shown. When I count to three, you will need to quickly turn to each other and show the expression you have chosen. The challenge is to show the same face as your partner without prearrangement.
Ready? One two Three...
Conclusion
8. "Good warmth"
(See activity 3, game 9.)
9. Bonfire of Friendship
Leading. Stand closer to each other in a circle, kneel down. Stretch your right hand forward and put it on the hands of friends. Then do the same with the left hands.
Swinging our hands up and down we say the words together: “One, two, three! Fire, burn! Next, we show with our hands the flames that have shot up upwards.
“Feeling warm,” we sit on our heels, at the same time we put our hands on the shoulders of our neighbors and, meeting each other’s eyes, thank each other: “Thank you! Goodbye".
ACTIVITY 7.
INCREASING SELF-RESPECT
Warm up
1. Good News Relay
(See activity 6, game 2.)
2. "Clear your brains"
(See activity 6, game 4.)
Additionally, after the exercise, you can do breathing exercises to “clear the brain”. At the expense of the leader: “One, two” - the children take a breath. "One, two, three" - hold your breath. “One, two, three, four, five” - the children exhale while pronouncing the sound “Y”. The sound "Y", as it were, causes the vibration of the brain.
Main part
3. "Self-respect"
Leading. Can you tell me how you notice that someone thinks you are really good? How does mom show it to you, but how does dad show it?
Sit comfortably and close your eyes. Take a deep breath three times... Now go mentally to the place that you think is the most wonderful. Check it out properly. What do you see there? What do you hear? How does it smell? What do you want to eat there? (15 seconds).
Soon you will see two people who appreciate and respect you, who rejoice when you are near them, who know how attentive and kind you can be to people ... Look around and you will see how these people approach you to show that they think you're good... (15 seconds).
Hear what they have to say...
Talk to the person who came to you. Ask him if he will tell you about how he feels about you ... (15 seconds).
Now say goodbye to the people who came to you, and prepare to return here again cheerful and animated. Stretch and open your eyes...
Can you tell us about what you experienced? Who came to you? What did this person say? Have you been able to thank him for treating you this way?
4. "Three faces"
(See activity 6, game 7.)
5. "The hunter and the hare"
Two children are playing: one is the Hunter, the other is the Hare.
They stand opposite each other. Both of them are blindfolded, and they will have to rely only on their ears. Everyone else lines up along the edge of the field so that the Hunter and the Hare do not hit anywhere, and they are very quiet. The hare is trying to run across the field. If he ends up on the other side, he's safe. The hunter tries to go exactly to the place where he hears the Hare in order to catch him.
Conclusion
6. "Good warmth"
(See activity 3, game 9.)
7. Bonfire of Friendship
(See activity 6, game 9.)
ACTIVITY 8.
TRUST IN THE OTHER PERSON
Warm up
1. "Echo"
Children play like this: the host says the word “hello” to his neighbor on the right, and he, like an echo, must also answer “hello”.
2. "Affectionate name"
(See activity 3, game 3.)
3. "Do you want - do not want"
In a circle, starting with the leader, the children ask each other the following question: “Andrey, do you want me to hug you?” After receiving the answer, take the appropriate action.
Main part
4. "Sweet problem"
Leading. Choose a partner and sit opposite each other. Between you, I'll put one cookie on a napkin. Please don't touch it yet. The fact is that you and your partner need to solve one problem. You can only get cookies if your partner willingly gives them to you.
Please remember this rule. Now you can start talking, but remember that you can't just take a cookie without your partner's consent...
And now I will give each pair one more cookie, discuss what will you do with the cookies this time?
Now let's discuss what we've got. This is a good example of cooperation. Tell me what did you do with the first cookie, what about the second?
5. "The Blind Man and the Guide"
One of the children is optionally blindfolded. He is "blind". The second will be his driver - "guide".
As soon as the music starts, the "guide" will carefully lead the "blind", letting him touch various things - big, small, smooth, rough, prickly, cold. You can also bring the "blind" to a place where objects emit odors. You just can't say anything about it.
When the music stops after a while, the children switch roles. And when the music is turned off again, they return to the circle and talk about what they experienced during the walk.
6. "Blind dance"
Participants are divided into pairs. One gets a blindfold, he will be "blind". The other will remain "sighted" and will be able to drive the "blind". They join hands and dance with each other to light music (1-2 minutes). Then they switch roles.
Conclusion
7. "Good warmth"
(See activity 3, game 9.)
8. "Friendly hugs"
Leading. Say goodbye, please, to those who have become dear to you, more warmly: hug like very good friends and say “thank you” to each other.
ACTIVITY 9.
GROUPING CHILDREN
Warm up
1. "Mood barometer"
(See activity 3, game 2.)
(See activity 3, game 4.)
3. Affectionate words "
(See activity 5, game 3.)
4. "What I like to do"
(See activity 4, game 2.)
5. "Magic knapsack"
Leading. Let's play with you a game called "Magic Knapsack". Here it is, my "magic bag". (Show the children with the help of pantomime that there is a big bag on the floor.)
From this “magic knapsack” I will now get different things, and you will be able to see them, but not in reality, but only with the help of your imagination. In order for you to understand what kind of thing I got, I will show you how to use it.
As soon as one of you guesses what exactly I got out of the “magic knapsack”, he should get up from his chair, but for now he should not say anything. When all the children stand up, they will be able to tell what they "saw".
Taking out different things from the "magic knapsack", you can, for example:
- hit a nail with a hammer
- peel and eat a banana,
- unwrap and eat a sandwich brought from home,
- sawing a log
- cut paper with scissors
- drink a glass of water
- write something in a notebook,
- get coins from the wallet, etc.
Main part
6. "Ivan da Danila"
Everyone stands in one common circle. Two players go to the center of the circle. One will be Ivan and the other will be Danila.
Ivan closes his eyes and tries to catch Danila, shouting to him: "Where are you, Danila?"
Danila must answer him: “Here I am, Ivanushka!”, while Danila plays with his eyes open and tries to slip away from Ivan.
Naturally, both Ivan and Danila must remain within the circle at all times. The rest of the children need to watch so that Ivan does not get lost. Ivan has exactly one minute to catch Danila. After that, the next pair plays.
7. "Night train"
Leading. Imagine that Christmas is just around the corner and the children of a small town are looking forward to their gifts. They heard that the train with toys for the festive evening would have to make its way at night through a terrible, snow-swept forest. And only the locomotive has headlights to illuminate the road. Could anyone tell me what kind of gifts the children of this small town would like to receive?
Which of you would like to become a locomotive and drive a train with toys for children? Six guys will be Carriages with gifts. Who wants to be them? All the rest will be trees in the night forest.
Trees should be positioned so that there is enough space between them. The trees shouldn't move, but they can make a soft "Shhh..." when a train car runs the risk of hitting them.
Three trees are special - they are wearing hats. The train must by all means go round these Trees before it leaves the Forest. Designate the place where the Train enters the Forest, and stand on the other side of the Forest yourself - you will be the Small Town where the children are waiting for the Train.
Now let's build our Train. Stand behind the Locomotive and put your hands on the shoulders of the previous player. I will blindfold every Wagon, because only the Locomotive has light and can see. The locomotive will move very slowly so as not to lose the Cars and so that all the Cars feel confident. The locomotive itself chooses the path that will go through the Forest, but it must pass three special Trees (in hats).
I give the locomotive a start!
Conclusion
8. Tapping Massage
Leading. I offer you a fun warm-up game. Divide into pairs and choose who will be the first number and who will be the second.
The first numbers should kneel, lean forward and put their head on the palms in front of them. And the second numbers should kneel to the side of the first and begin to gently tap their fingers on the back of their partner. This tapping should sound like a light clatter of a jogging horse's hooves. Start this pat from the shoulders and gradually move along the entire back to the waist. You need to tap alternately with your right, then with your left hand (2 minutes).
Now please switch roles.
9. "Rag doll and soldier"
Leading. Everyone stand up and position yourself so that there is space around each of you. Fully straighten up and stretch out like a soldier. Freeze in this position, as if you are stiff, and do not move, something like this ... (demonstration of the pose).
Now lean forward and spread your arms so that they dangle like rags. Become as soft and agile as a rag doll (show pose).
Bend your knees slightly and feel your bones become soft and your joints very mobile...
Now again show the soldier, stretched out to the line, absolutely straight and rigid, as if carved from wood (10 seconds).
Now become a rag doll, soft, relaxed and agile.
Become a soldier again... (10 seconds).
Now again with a rag doll ...
Now shake your hands as if you want to shake water droplets off them. Shake the drops of water from your back... Now shake the water from your hair... Now from the top of your legs and feet...
10. "Good warmth"
(See activity 3, game 9.)
11. Bonfire of Friendship
(See activity 6, game 9.)
ACTIVITY 10.
ABILITY TO READ THE MOOD OF OTHERS
Warm up
1. "I like..."
(See activity 4, game 4.)
2. "Magic knapsack"
(See activity 9, game 5).
3. "What I like to do"
(See activity 4, game 2.)
4. "Mood barometer"
(See activity 3, game 2.)
Main part
5. "Color painting of mood"
The leader explains that the mood can correspond to a certain color:
- red color - corresponds to delight;
- orange - expresses joy, fun;
- yellow - corresponds to a light, pleasant mood;
- green - calm state;
- blue - sad, uncertain state;
- purple - anxious, tense state;
- black - corresponds to decline, despondency;
- white - fear.
Next, the children use facial expressions to depict the color scheme of the mood.
6. "Paints"
This exercise takes the form of a role-play. The leader distributes the roles:
- customer;
- salesman;
- all other children are paints, who are invited to depict a given or selected color with the help of facial expressions. (See the Mood Coloring game.)
A buyer comes and knocks.
Salesman:
- Who's there?
- Customer.
- Why did you come?
- For paint.
- For what?
- Per...
The seller must try to determine the desired color according to the mood that the child portrays. If he makes a mistake, he becomes "paint".
The winner is the one who managed to guess more colors.
Conclusion
7. "Support"
(See activity 3, game 8.)
8. "Good warmth"
(See activity 3, game 9.)
9. Bonfire of Friendship
(See activity 6, game 9.)
ACTIVITY 11.
INTERACTION SKILLS
Warm up
Leading. Children, today's lesson you have to do by yourself.
Let's do a warm-up first. What warm-up exercises do you like the most?
Children name the exercises and take turns doing the most memorable.
Main part
Leading. And what games from the main part did you like the most? (Children call.) Let's take turns playing them.
Conclusion
Leading. What games would you like to complete the session with?
Children call them and see them off.
ACTIVITY 12.
DIFFERENT MOODS
Warm up
1. "Relay race of good news"
(See activity 6, game 2.)
2. "Send and Receive Confidence"
Main part
3. "Go away!"
(See activity 3, game 5.)
4. "Come to me!"
(See activity 3, game 7.)
5. Thunderstorm
(See activity 5, game 6.)
Conclusion
6. "Blossoming Bud"
Leading. How did you start today? What did you want from him? Do you have days that don't start out so well? What do you miss on these days? I want to invite you on a journey to fantasy land, during which I will show you how you can make yourself feel good.
Let's all sit in a circle on the floor. Let's take each other's hands and close our eyes... And now let everyone imagine that he is some kind of flower, one of the unopened buds. Try to feel how you want the shell of this bud to open, and you reach out towards the warm sunlight ...
And now you can imagine how the bud gradually opens. Let's take a deep breath and gradually open up.
Children lie on the floor, arms to the sides.
The flower has blossomed. Try to feel the fragrance of this flower... Consider the color of its petals... See how brightly they shine... If you want, you can watch how children and adults pass by and admire such a beautiful flower. Hear them say: “What a beautiful flower! I like him so much!” Do you feel how nice it is to look at this flower? Take this pleasant feeling and place it in your heart.
Now stretch, relax, open your eyes and return to our group kind and rested.
ACTIVITY 13.
ABILITY TO ROOSE OTHERS
Warm up
1. "Affectionate name"
(See activity 3, game 3.)
(See activity 3, game 4.)
3. "Tender words"
(See activity 5, game 3.)
4. "Mood barometer"
(See activity 3, game 2.)
Main part
5. "Odyudyuka"
Leading. Now I will tell you a story... Once upon a time there was a fabulous forest. In hot weather, he sheltered all his inhabitants from the scorching rays of the sun. In the rain, he gave the wanderers shelter and protection. The forest was caring and attentive, and its inhabitants paid him the same. Every morning Pif the puppy swept the forest paths, cleaned up broken branches and kept the pond clean. He had a friend - a bear cub Timka, who examined all the trees in the forest and noted which of them had grown, which had bloomed, and which needed medical attention. And in the forest there lived an uncle bear - Mikhailo Ivanovich, and he was the wisest, kindest and most attentive animal in the forest. If there was a problem, he always came to the rescue.
And then one day the puppy Pif walks along the path and hears: "U-gu-gu." He backed away, and suddenly “It” flew right in front of him with a roar and began to frighten Pif. The fur on the puppy stood on end in fear. He barked, but the horror story did not disappear, but continued to fly around and push. Pif ran to look for his friend teddy bear Tim. And Tim at this time examined the Christmas trees that he grew for the upcoming New Year. And suddenly someone ran into him from behind and pushed with all his might. The bear cub fell and saw something furry. This "something" was flying around and howling in a terrible voice. The teddy bear was frightened and ran in search of a friend.
They met at Uncle Bear's house and began to think what they should do next. Here Mikhailo Ivanovich comes out of the house and asks:
- What happened?
Friends began vying to tell, and finally decided:
- We will catch the one who scared us, punish and drive us out of the forest.
So they did. They caught it and wanted to warm it up well, but Uncle Misha suggested not punishing the horror story, but making friends with her - maybe something will work out.
Animals surrounded her and tore off the veil under which "It" was hiding. And the horror story of Odyudyuk appeared before everyone in all its glory and let's swear.
- What do you want from me? Apparently, I scared you a little!
- Yes, you wait, don't swear, it's better to tell us why you came to our forest.
She sees Odyuduk: she has nowhere to go, she had to talk about herself. The story is very sad.
- My mom and dad are hereditary Odyudyuki. We always scare everyone. Mom - dad and me, dad - me and mom. No one has ever said a kind word to me in my entire life. So I decided to harm everyone in this good forest. I don’t want everyone to live together, cleanliness and order everywhere... And now do with me what you want. If you want, scare me, if you want, beat me up, or if you want, come up with something terrible so that my blood freezes in my veins.
The animals began to hold advice. They thought and thought how best to punish her, and then suddenly someone offered to take pity on her. After all, no one had ever spoken kind words to her. (What do you think, what words did the animals say to Odyudyuka?) And then the animals taught Odyudyuka to smile, and she stopped being angry and scary.
Can you teach Oduduka to smile?
Wonderful!
Let's join hands now and smile at each other.
6. Thunderstorm
(See activity 5, game 6.)
7. Tapping Massage
(See activity 9, game 8.)
Conclusion
8. "Blossoming Bud"
(See activity 12, game 6.)
9. "Good warmth"
(See activity 3, game 9.)
ACTIVITY 14.
CONFLICTS IN CONTACT,
OR SOLVING PROBLEMS AND CONFLICTS
Warm up
1. "Mood barometer"
(See activity 3, game 2.)
2. "Tender hands - a kind look - a pleasant smile"
(See activity 3, game 4.)
3. "Interview"
Leading. Guys, Oleg has a birthday today. Let's congratulate him. (Everyone congratulates.) Today, Oleg, we want to interview you, that is, we will ask you questions in turn, and you will try to answer them. For all of us, this is a nice opportunity to learn a little more about you. The first question I want to ask is: do you have brothers and sisters? (pets, etc.).
4. "Who is missing?"
Leading. Do you notice when one of the children is not in the group? I want to play a game with you: one of you will hide, and the rest will guess who exactly hid. First, I will ask everyone to close their eyes and, while no one sees this, I will gently touch the shoulder of one of you. The one I choose will have to open his eyes, quietly go to the middle, sit on the floor and cover himself with this veil. After he hides, I will ask everyone to open their eyes and guess who is missing. Now close your eyes...
Main part
5. "Tuh-tibi-spirit"
(See activity 3, game 6.)
6. "Sharks and Sailors"
Children are divided into two teams: one will be sailors, the other - sharks. A large circle is drawn on the floor with chalk - this is a ship. There are many sharks swimming around the ship in the ocean. These sharks are trying to drag the sailors into the sea, and the sailors are trying to drag the sharks onto the ship.
When the shark is completely dragged onto the ship, it immediately turns into a sailor, and if the sailor enters the sea, then he turns into a shark.
You can only pull each other by the hands. In addition, there is an important rule: one sailor - one shark.
No one else should interfere.
Leading. Remember that you can pull much harder if you bend your knees a little. After all, at the same time, your center of gravity is lower, and it becomes more difficult for others to move you. Now we need to agree with you on one more signal.
If one of you gets scared, it will be unpleasant and painful for him, he can always shout: “Stop!”, Then the whole struggle stops for a while, but everyone remains in their places. When "Stop!" I shout, the same thing happens.
So, one half of the children get on the ship, and the other half become voracious sharks prowling around the ship.
7. "Go away!"
(See activity 3, game 5.)
6. "Come to me"
(See activity 3, game 7.)
Conclusion
7. "Good warmth"
(See activity 3, game 9.)
ACTIVITY 15.
SELF-MANAGEMENT (SELF-REGULATION)
Warm up
1. "Say what you want"
Everyone can say whatever they want everyone to know. The game goes around.
2. "Box of experiences"
Leading. I brought a small box today. I propose to send it around in a circle to collect our unpleasant experiences and worries. You can say it in a whisper, but be sure to put it in this box. Then I will seal it up and take it away, and with it, let your unpleasant experiences disappear.
3. "Magic pillow"
Leading. I also brought a magic pillow. Everyone in turn can sit on it and tell us about some of their desires. The one sitting on the pillow will always begin the story with the words: "I want ..." Everyone else will listen carefully.
4. "Wake up the spirit"
Leading. Stand in a wide circle and, without bending your knees, reach with your hands to the tips of your toes. Then I'll start counting from one to ten. For each count, you will raise your hands, as it were, a step higher. Thus, on the count of ten, your hands will be raised up to the sky. At first, standing with your hands down and touching your feet, you may feel tired. But the higher your hands rise, the more cheerful your spirit will become. Ready? Started!
The facilitator performs this exercise together with the children, while counting loudly and slowly from one to ten.
5. "Flower Rain"
Leading. Did you hear that Alyosha experienced a lot of stress today (vocabulary work)? We can all help him recover and become cheerful and cheerful again. Alyosha, please stand in the center, and we will all stand around you. Put your hands down and close your eyes. And you all look at Alyosha and imagine how rain falls on him from hundreds and even thousands of invisible flowers.
Let these flowers fall like big snowflakes or big big raindrops. You can choose any flowers: roses, daisies, forget-me-nots, violets, tulips, snapdragons, sunflowers, bluebells and others. Imagine their beauty, feel how these flowers smell. Perhaps Alyosha will also be able to feel all this: to see the beauty of the flowers and feel the aroma they exude (30-60 seconds).
It seems to me that you are doing everything very well, and Alyosha can fully enjoy your flowers. Alyosha, do you want more flowers?
And now you can stop the flower rain, and Alyosha can get out of this flower snowdrift. Thank you.
Main part
6. "I am strong - I am weak"
Leading. I suggest you check how words and thoughts affect the state of a person. To this end, we will perform the following exercises.
Sasha, please put your hand forward. I will lower your hand down, pressing on it from above. You must hold your hand, while saying loudly and decisively: “I am strong!” Now we are doing the same, but you must say: “I am weak”, pronouncing it with the appropriate intonation, that is, quietly, dejectedly ...
You see how words of encouragement help us to overcome difficulties and win.
7. "Boring, boring..."
Children sit on chairs along the wall. As soon as the leader says the rhyme:
It's boring, it's boring to sit like this,
All look at each other.
Isn't it time to run
And change places,
you need to run to the opposite wall, touch it with your hand and, returning, sit on any chair.
The host at this time removes one chair.
This game can be played to the end, that is, until only one, the most dexterous child remains.
Dropped out children can play the role of judges: to monitor compliance with the rules of the game.
Conclusion
8. "Applause in a circle"
Leading. Who among you can imagine how the artist feels after the concert? Perhaps he feels the applause not only with his ears, but with his whole body, with all the fibers of his soul, and this is a pleasant excitement.
We have a very good group, and each of you deserved applause. I want to offer you a game in which the applause is quiet at first, and then becomes stronger and stronger.
The game proceeds as follows. You become in a common circle. One of you starts: he approaches one of the players, looks into his eyes and gives his applause, clapping his hands with all his might.
Then they both choose the next contestant, who also gets their share of applause: they both come up, stand in front of him and applaud. The trio then choose the next candidate for a standing ovation.
Each time, the one who was applauded has the right to choose the next one. Thus the game continues, and the applause gets louder and louder.
9. "Thank you for a nice day"
Leading. Please stand in a circle. I want to invite you to participate in a small ceremony (vocabulary work) that will help you express your feelings of friendship and gratitude to each other.
The game goes like this: one of you stands in the center, the other comes up to him, shakes hands and says: “Thank you for a nice day!” Both stand in the center, still holding hands. Then a third child comes up, takes either the first or the second by the free hand, shakes it and says: “Thank you for a pleasant day!”
Thus, the group in the center of the circle is constantly growing. Everyone is holding each other's hands. When the last person joins your group, close the circle and end the ceremony with a silent threefold firm handshake. This is how the game ends.
ACTIVITY 16.
ABILITY TO GET INTO CONTACT
Warm up
1. "Affectionate name"
(See activity 3, game 3.)
2. "Tender hands - a kind look - a pleasant smile"
(See activity 3, game 4.)
3. "Tender words"
(See activity 5, game 3.)
4. "I like..."
(See activity 4, game 4.)
5. "Gift"
Leading. A friend is going on a long journey. He has already boarded the train. You want to give him a parting gift, but they are no longer allowed into the car. The gift must be presented in front of the window with the help of facial expressions and gestures.
Main part
6. "Mirrors"
One participant becomes the leader. Everyone should imagine that he came to a store where there are a lot of mirrors. He stands in the center, and other children, "mirrors", stand in a semicircle around him. The driver will show different movements, and the “mirrors” should immediately repeat these movements.
7. "Masks"
The player is put on an animal mask, but he does not know which animal, and no one tells him. To guess whose mask he is wearing, he can invite one of the children to depict this animal. If the animal is guessed, then the child who so skillfully portrayed this animal will be the driver.
8. Zoo
The players are divided into two groups. The first group - children depicting animals in the zoo; the second group - children walking around the zoo and guessing which animal is in front of them.
After all the animals have been guessed, the children switch roles.
9. "Foreigner"
Leading. You are in another country, you do not know the language, you are not understood. Ask for directions to the zoo (pool, to the square where the monument stands, to the cinema, cafe, post office, etc.).
10. "We hunt a lion"
Children expressively repeat the rhyme “We are hunting a lion” after the leader and make the appropriate movements.
We are hunting a lion.
We are not afraid of him.
We have a long gun
And a spyglass.
Ouch! What is it?
And this is the field: top-top-top.
Ouch! What is it?
And this is a swamp: chav-chav-chav.
Ouch! What is it?
And this is the sea: boom-boom-boom.
Ouch! What is it?
And this is a path: shur-shur-shur.
Do not crawl under it.
Don't fly over it.
You can’t get around it, but the path is straight,
They went out to the meadow.
Who is this lying here? Let's touch it.
Children "touch" an imaginary lion.
"Yes, it's a lion! Oh, mothers!” They got scared and ran home.
Along the path: shur-shur-shur.
By sea: bul-bul-bull.
In the swamp: chav-chav-chav.
On the field: top-top-top.
They ran home.
The door was closed.
Wow! (exhaling) Tired.
Well done!
Conclusion
11. "Good warmth"
(See activity 3, game 9.)
ACTIVITY 17.
GROUP INTERACTION
Warm up
1. "Mood barometer"
(See activity 3, game 2.)
2. "Give me a stone"
Leading. Guys, please take one stone from the box and give it to whomever you want, but always with the words: “I give you this stone, because you are the most ...”
For those children who didn’t get anything, the host gives pebbles, but at the same time, be sure to note the best qualities of each child to whom he gives a gift.
3. "Mood barometer"
Children show what their mood has become at the moment.
Main part
4. "Listen to silence"
The host invites the children to close their eyes and listen to the silence: in the corridor, in the room, on the street.
Then it turns out who and what heard. The game can be repeated several times. For a change, you can include some musical noises, such as barking dogs or quacking ducks.
5. "Shadow"
One participant becomes a traveler, the rest - his shadow. The traveler walks across the field, and behind him two steps behind is his shadow, which tries to exactly copy the traveler's movements.
It is advisable to stimulate the traveler to perform various movements: pick a flower, sit down, jump on one leg, stop and look from under the arm, etc.
6. "The hunter and the hare"
(See activity 7, game 5.)
7. "The Blind Man and the Guide"
(See activity 8, game 5.)
8. "Paints"
(See activity 10, game 6.)
9. "Talking to a Tree"
Leading. I want to offer you a journey to the kingdom of trees... Sit comfortably and close your eyes. Take a few deep breaths... Imagine a forest you are walking through. It's a beautiful spring day. The sky is blue, the sun shines brightly. You are walking through a very large forest. There are a variety of trees here: coniferous, deciduous, large and small.
Somewhere in this forest there is one special tree - this tree will talk to you, only to one of you. This tree would like to be your friend. Look around better and find your own tree. Get very close to him and put your ear to the trunk. Can you hear the sap flowing up through the rings of the tree?
Listen very carefully to the voice of the tree. How does his voice sound? Like a quiet whisper? How bright is the bell? How is the sound of the stream? Is this voice cheerful like Mickey Mouse's or serious like an old man's voice?
If you recognize the voice of the tree, you can listen carefully to it. You will do great! Focus. Shhh... the tree wants to say something. Don't miss a single word it says...
Maybe it wants to ask you to do something for it. Maybe he'll be glad that it was you who visited him. Perhaps your tree will tell each of you that one day you will be as big and strong as it is. Perhaps the tree would like to help solve your current problems... (15 seconds).
When you hear what the tree wanted to tell you, give me a sign with your hand - raise your hand.
Remember what the tree said. Remember also that the tree is as alive as you are. Now say goodbye to the tree... Go back. Stretch and be here again, awake and rested...
Take a piece of paper and draw your tree.
After that, the children show their drawings and talk about what the tree told them.
Conclusion
10. "Slivers on the river"
Children stand in two rows, one opposite the other. The distance between the rows should be slightly more than an outstretched arm. All of them together are the water of one river. Chips will “float” along the river now.
One child will go down the river like the first wood chip. He will decide how he will move. For example, he may close his eyes and slowly walk straight ahead. And water (children) smoothly with your hands will help the chip find its way.
Perhaps the sliver will not float straight, but will spin. Water and this chip should help find the way. Maybe the sliver will leave its eyes open and move randomly or in circles. Water should help her.
When a sliver reaches the end of the river, it stands next to the last child and waits until the next sliver arrives. She stands opposite the first, and thus they make up a river and gradually lengthen it.
And so, slowly, the river will wander around this room until all the children swim along the river, depicting chips.
11. "Friendly Hugs"
(See activity 8, game 8.)
ACTIVITY 18.
SELF-ESTEEM. SOCIOMETRY
1. Self-esteem. "Ladder"
Stimulus material of the Ladder test
Drawing of a staircase with seven steps. In the middle you need to place the figure of the child. For convenience, figures of a boy and a girl can be cut out of paper, one of which can be placed on a ladder, depending on the gender of the child being tested.
Instruction
Leading. Look at this ladder. You see, there is a boy (or a girl) standing here. Good children are placed on a step higher (the presenter shows), the higher - the better the children, and on the very top step - the best guys. Not very good children are put on the step below (shows), even worse, and on the lowest step - the worst guys. What step would you put yourself on? And what step will your mother put you on? dad? teacher?
Conducting a test
The child is given a piece of paper with a ladder drawn on it and the meaning of the steps is explained. It is important to see if the child understood your explanation correctly. If necessary, repeat it. Then questions are asked and answers are recorded.
Analysis of results
First of all, pay attention to which step the child has placed himself on. It is considered normal if children of this age put themselves on the “very good” and even “best” children. In any case, these should be the upper steps, since the position on any of the lower steps (and even more so the lowest one) does not indicate an adequate assessment, but a negative attitude towards oneself, self-doubt.
This is a very serious violation of the personality structure, which can lead to depression, neurosis, asociality in children. As a rule, this is associated with a cold attitude towards children, rejection or a harsh, authoritarian upbringing, in which the child himself is devalued, who comes to the conclusion that he is loved only when he behaves well. And since children cannot be good all the time, and even more so they cannot fulfill all the requirements of adults, then, naturally, in these conditions they begin to doubt themselves, their abilities and the love of their parents for them. Also, children are not confident in themselves and in parental love, which they do not do at home at all.
Thus, as we see, extreme neglect of the child, as well as extreme authoritarianism, constant guardianship and control, lead to similar results.
Specifically, the attitude of parents to the child and their requirements are indicated by the answers to the question of where they will be placed by adults - father, mother, teacher. For a normal comfortable self-feeling, which is associated with the appearance of a sense of security, it is important that one of the adults put the child on the highest step.
Ideally, the child himself can put himself on the second step from the top, and his mother (or someone else from his family) puts him on the highest step. At the same time, the children say: “Well, I'm not the best, I play around sometimes. But my mother will put me here, because she loves me.” Answers of this type just indicate that the child is confident in the love of an adult, feels protected, which is necessary for normal development at this age.
A sign of trouble both in the structure of the child's personality and in his relations with close adults are the answers in which all relatives put him on the lower steps. However, when answering the question “Where will the teacher put you?” placement on one of the lower steps is normal and can serve as evidence of adequate, correct self-esteem, especially if the child is really misbehaving and often receives comments from the teacher.
2. Sociometry. "Two houses"
Stimulus material
Two small standard houses are drawn on a piece of paper. One of them, which is larger, is red, and the other is black. As a rule, this drawing is not prepared in advance, but is done in front of the child's eyes with black and red pencils.
Instruction
Leading. Look at these houses. Imagine that the red house belongs to you and you can invite everyone you want to your place. Think about which of the guys in your group you would invite to your red house. The guys who you don’t like at all will settle in the black house.
After the end of the conversation, you can ask the children if they want to change places for someone, if they have forgotten someone.
Analysis of results
The interpretation of the results of this test is quite simple: the child's likes and dislikes are directly related to the placement of peers in the red and black houses. Particular attention should be paid to those children who send the bulk of their peers to a black house, remaining alone or surrounding themselves with adults. As a rule, these are either very closed, uncommunicative children, or conflict children who have had time to quarrel with almost everyone.
Diagnostics of the emotional well-being of a child in a peer group
During the day, each child attending this group is offered to play the game "Secret" - as a secret from other children, give three pictures to their friends by putting them (one at a time) in the lockers in the locker room. It is reported that you can make a gift to those children who are now sick and do not go to kindergarten (school). All the child's choices are recorded in the sociometric matrix with the help of symbols (see table).
SOCIOMETRIC MATRIX
Legend:
The choice given to the child;
A - mutual choice.
The names of all the children of the group are entered into the table (first the girls, then all the boys, or vice versa), they are assigned numbers in order in the list. These numbers are entered in the table horizontally and vertically, the intersection cells of the same numbers are shaded. Based on the matrix, by counting the choices, it is determined how many choices each child received and how many mutual choices he has.
Analysis of the data obtained gives an idea of the sociometric structure of the group, which consists in the distribution of children into four status categories: “stars” (more than 5 choices), “preferred” (from 3 to 5 choices), “accepted” (1-2 choices), "isolated" (have no choice).
The first two categories are considered favorable, the last two - unfavorable. The ratio of the total values of favorable and unfavorable status categories gives an idea of the level of relationship well-being (BWM). If the majority of the group's children are in favorable status categories, the WWM is defined as high; with the same ratio - as an average; with a predominance in the group of children with an unfavorable status - as low.
Low WWM is an alarm signal, indicating the emotional distress of most children in the system of relationships with peers in the group.
An important diagnostic factor that characterizes the relationships that exist in a group is an indicator of children's satisfaction with their relationships with peers. It is defined as the percentage of children having mutual choices to the total number of children in the group. The result obtained is compared with the normative indicators of the levels of satisfaction coefficients in relationships with peers:
1.low level- satisfaction rate of 33% and below;
2. average level- satisfaction rate 34-49%;
3. high level- satisfaction rate 50-65%;
4. super high level- satisfaction rate of 66% and above.
The ratio of the number of isolated children to the total number of pupils in the group makes it possible to establish the coefficient of isolation, which is considered as a diagnostic indicator of the success of the teacher in fostering friendly relationships among children.
According to the research results of T.A. Repina, a group can be considered safe if there are no isolated individuals in it or the isolation coefficient is within 6%; less prosperous - with an index of up to 25% and unfavorable, if the isolation index is above 25%.
It should be noted that the game "Secret" requires pedagogical tact. The child should not feel isolated, so it is important that all children find “gifts” in their lockers after the game is over. To do this, teachers use spare pictures. The results of the diagnosis should not be discussed with children.
Antonina IVASHOVA,
Kirishi,
Leningrad region.
