Physical education of the child in the family It is the duty of the parents to strengthen the health of the child at the moment and to ensure the favorable development of the child's body in the future. Normal development and health is ensured by the creation of optimal conditions, that is, the organization of the correct regimen. In the physical education of preschool children, physical exercises are used (walking, running, balance exercises, throwing, climbing, outdoor games), sports exercises, hygiene factors (daily routine, nutrition, sleep, etc.), natural forces of nature (sun , air and water). - Assignments and explanations should be clear and precise, they should be given in a cheerful voice "and immediately show all the movements. - Exercises should be interesting, they should use well-remembered figurative comparisons, for example: "bird", "cat", "locomotive ". - The basic principle that parents should adhere to when doing physical exercises with babies is to portray everything as a game. Cheerful tone, joke, laughter, active participation of an adult always captivate the child. - The number of repetitions of movements for preschoolers usually ranges from 23 to After most short breaks (3060 s) for difficult exercises - Full day averages of children's physical activity - range of motion; intensity of movements per minute Physical exercise Physical exercise is only beneficial when it is done systematically. exercise with your children and carefully monitor and their health, paying attention to the appearance, mood and well-being of the child.

Daily routine of a preschooler By accustoming children to a certain regimen, to fulfilling hygiene requirements, we create skills that are useful for the body and thereby preserve their health. A solid daily routine, established in accordance with the age characteristics of children, is one of the essential conditions for the normal physical development of a child. The main requirement for the regime is the accuracy in time and the correct alternation, the change of one type of activity by another. The time should be set when the child goes to bed, gets up, eats, walks, performs simple, feasible duties for him. This time must be strictly observed. Nutrition. Children receive meals 45 times a day. The first meal is given half an hour later, in any case no later than an hour after the child wakes up, and the last one and a half hours before bedtime. Between meals, intervals of 34 hours should be established, they must be strictly observed. The most hearty meal is given at lunch, less hearty at dinner. Dream. Only during sleep does the child get complete rest. Sleep should be long enough: children 34 years old sleep 14 hours a day, 56 years old 13 hours, 78 years old 12 hours. Of this time, it is necessary, especially for younger children, to set aside an hour and a half for daytime sleep. Children must go to bed no later than 89 pm. Walks. No matter how accurately the time for sleeping and eating is observed, the regime cannot be considered correct if it does not provide time for a walk. The more time children spend outdoors, the healthier they are.

Computer: "for" and "against" "+" Advantages of the computer: The computer can help the development in children of such important operations of thinking as generalization and classification; In the process of studying on the computer, the memory and attention of children improve; When playing computer games, children develop the sign function of consciousness earlier, which underlies abstract thinking (thinking without relying on external objects); Computer games are of great importance not only for the development of the intellect of children, but also for the development of their motor skills, for the formation of coordination of visual and motor functions; And most importantly, you can not rely only on the computer. A child is a small person, he can form and develop only by communicating with people and living in the real world. Modern children communicate a lot with television, video and computer. If the previous generation was a generation of books, then the modern one receives information through a series of videos. Children 3-4 years old should not sit at the computer for more than 20 minutes, and by the age of 6-7 this time of daily play can be increased to half an hour. "-" Disadvantages of the computer: Excessive handling of the computer can lead to a deterioration in the child's vision, as well as adversely affect his mental health. This is especially dangerous for shy children.

Walking is important! Children should spend as much time outdoors as possible in order to be healthy and strong. In summer, children can be outside for more than 6 hours a day, and in autumn and winter, children must be outdoors for at least 4 hours. The best time to walk with children is between breakfast and lunch (22 1/2 hours) and after a nap, before dinner (1 1/22 hours). In severe frosts, the duration of walks is somewhat reduced. The reason for the cancellation of a walk for a healthy child may be exceptional circumstances: heavy rain, severe frost with strong winds. It has been established from the experience of kindergartens that preschool children, accustomed to daily walks, can walk even at a temperature of 20-25 ° below zero, if there is no strong wind and if they are dressed appropriately for the weather. For a walk on cold winter days, children should go out in a warm coat, a hat with headphones, felt boots and warm mittens or gloves. From time to time it is useful to take longer walks with children, gradually increasing the distance for the younger ones to 1520 minutes of walking, for the older ones up to 30 minutes, with small stops for 12 minutes along the way. Arriving at the place, the children should rest or play quietly before returning back.

How to save a child's vision? Rule 1. Try to make the baby move more, run, jump. Rule 2. Include foods that are good for the eyes in your diet: cottage cheese, kefir, boiled sea fish, seafood, beef, carrots, cabbage, blueberries, lingonberries, cranberries, parsley, dill. Rule 3. Watch his posture - with a “crooked” back, the blood supply to the brain is disrupted, which provokes vision problems. Remember: the distance between the book and the eyes should be at least see Rule 4. Do not allow the child to sit in front of the TV for a long time, and if he does, then only strictly opposite and no closer than three meters. Rule 5. Do not read lying down and as little as possible in artificial light. Rule 6. Do not forget that watching TV in a dark room is undesirable. Rule 7. A preschooler can play on the computer for no more than half an hour a day, after 7 years - 1 hour a day or two sets of 40 minutes. Rule 8. It is better to forget about games on a cell phone. Rule 9. Do Eye Gymnastics together daily - turn this procedure into an exciting game!

A set of exercises for the eyes Watch your eyes. The world is so beautiful, especially if we see it... Exercises are performed while sitting, the head is motionless, the posture is comfortable, with the maximum amplitude of eye movement. 1. Blindfolds. Close your eyes, strongly straining the eye muscles, at the expense of 1 - 4, then open your eyes, relaxing the muscles of the eyes, looking into the distance, at the expense of Repeat times. 2. Near-far. Look at the bridge of your nose and keep your eyes on the count. You can’t bring your eyes to fatigue. Then open your eyes, look into the distance at the expense of Repeat times. 3. Left-right. Without turning your head, look to the right and fix your gaze at the count 1 - 4, then look into the distance directly at the count. Exercises are carried out in the same way, but with fixation of the gaze to the left, up, down. 4. Diagonals. Move your eyes quickly diagonally: up to the right - down to the left, then straight into the distance at the expense of 1 - 6; then left - up - right - down and look into the distance at the expense of repeat times. We offer a special set of exercises for the eyes, which, if performed regularly, can be a good training and prevention to preserve vision. Exercises are best done in a playful way, with the child's favorite toys, moving them left and right, up and down.

Hardening is the first step towards health Hardening of children is necessary in order to increase their resistance to the effects of low and high air temperatures and thereby prevent frequent illnesses. When hardening children, one should adhere to the following basic principles: carry out hardening procedures systematically, increase the exposure time of the hardening factor gradually, take into account the mood of the child and carry out procedures in the form of a game, start hardening at any age, never perform procedures if the baby is cold, avoid strong irritants: prolonged exposure to cold water or very low air temperatures, as well as overheating in the sun, choose the right clothes and shoes: they must correspond to the ambient temperature and be made of natural fabrics and materials, harden by the whole family, combine hardening procedures with physical exercises and massage, in the room where the child is, never smoke.

Ways of hardening "Cold basin" Pour cold water into the basin with a temperature not higher than + 12C and pour over the feet of a child standing in the bath. Have your child stomp their feet as the water drains. The water outlet must be open. Dry your feet with a towel. On the first day, the duration of walking is 1 minute, add 1 minute daily, bringing up to 5 minutes. Remember! It is better to carry out hardening for 1 minute in a good mood of the child than 5 minutes with whims. "Cold towel" If the child does not like dousing with cold water, lay a towel in the bath soaked in cold water (so 12 C). Ask the child to stamp his feet (do not stand!) On it for 1 minute (morning and night). Wipe the child's feet, not rubbing, but blotting with a towel. The main hardening factors are natural and available Sun. Air and Water. You can start hardening children from the first month of life after examining the baby by a pediatrician. "Contrast shower" The child takes a bath in the evening. Let him warm himself in warm water. And then tell him: "Let's make a cold rain with you or run through the puddles." You turn on the cold water and the child exposes his heels and hands to the water. If the child is afraid of exposure to a cold shower, then you can first put a bowl of cold water and say: “Well, let's run through the puddles with you!” And now from a warm bath - into a cold basin (or “in the rain”), and then - again in the bath. And so at least three times. After the procedure, wrap the child in a warm sheet without wiping, but soaking the water, then dress him for sleep and put him in bed.

BASALWALKING - an element of hardening of the body How and when is it better to do barefoot walking? Of course, in the winter in the cold, you should not start accustoming the child to this, but in spring or summer, the baby may well run barefoot on the floor of the house, and even better - on the green grass. The child should regularly walk barefoot, a real hardening effect occurs only after long systematic training. Use special rubber mats with studded corrugations. Every morning, start exercising by walking barefoot on such a rug. It is useful to massage the feet with a rolling pin or a round stick, rolling them with the soles for several minutes a day. Another way to harden is walking barefoot. Walking barefoot not only hardens, but also stimulates the nerve endings located on the foot, and has a positive effect on the functioning of internal organs. According to some experts, the soles of the feet are a kind of switchboard with 72 thousand nerve endings, through which you can connect to any organ - the brain, lungs and upper respiratory tract, liver and kidneys, endocrine glands, and other organs .. When walking barefoot increases the intense activity of almost all muscles, stimulates blood circulation throughout the body, improves mental activity.

FLAT FOOT The child's foot is finally formed by the age of 7-8 years. Flat feet is considered one of the most common diseases in children. But parents often do not take this disease seriously and this is the wrong position. How to prevent flat feet? The child's shoes should be made of natural materials, inside with a solid arch support that raises the inner edge of the foot. The sole of children's shoes should be flexible and have a heel (5-10 mm), artificially raising the arch of the foot, protecting the heel from bruises and causing damage. In terms of weight, shoes should be as light as possible, fairly rigid, with a good heel. Remember, the length of the footprint should be greater than the foot at the toe, an allowance of 10 mm. When determining the size of a child's shoes, be guided by the length of the foot, which is determined by the distance between the most protruding point of the heel and the end of the longest toe (first or second)

1. Improves the functioning of internal organs, develops the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. 2. Under conditions of prolonged stay in water, the processes of thermoregulation are improved. There is a hardening of the body, resistance to adverse environmental factors increases. 3. Swimming is one of the best means of shaping the correct posture of a child. 4. Dosed swimming can be useful for children prone to colds. The benefits of swimming Early swimming in children contributes to their rapid physical and psychomotor development. When swimming, the child's skin experiences a beneficial massaging effect of water, which improves blood circulation and strengthens the nervous system. 5. Regular swimming exercises help to strengthen the nervous system, sleep becomes stronger, appetite improves, the general tone of the body increases, movements improve, endurance increases.

Posture is the habitual position of the human body. It is considered correct if a person keeps his head straight and free, his shoulders are at the same level, slightly lowered back, the body is straightened, the stomach is tucked up, the chest slightly protrudes forward, the knees are straightened. How to form the correct posture? Correct posture is not innate, it begins to form from the first years of our lives. The most crucial period for the formation of posture is from 4 to 10 years. When teaching your child to “correctly” hold his body, do not forget about your posture. The reasons for the formation of an incorrect posture are: - Lack of a strong, sufficiently developed muscular corsage - the muscular system; - Uneven development of the muscles of the back, abdomen and hips, a change in traction that determines the vertical position of the spine; - Prolonged illness or chronic diseases that weaken the body; - Consequences of rickets; - Furniture that does not correspond to height; - Uncomfortable clothes and shoes. Control your child's posture once every half a year on your own, without resorting to the help of a doctor.

How to check the posture of a child? Undress and undress the child to panties, stand straight, arms should be lowered along the body. Sit on a chair yourself at a distance of 2-3 m and carefully look at the child. Examine your child in the daytime, with good and even lighting. whether the ears, shoulder blades, waist, folds under the buttocks and the buttocks themselves are symmetrical. If they are at different heights, there is cause for concern! ask the child to reach the floor with his hands, arching his back. Check if there are ridges along the lumbar vertebrae, if the shoulder blades stick out. Look at the child from the side and check if he is slouching, ask him to tilt his head forward and, without raising his head, turn it first in one direction, then in the other direction. Make sure that the volume of movements is the same and they are performed without restriction. We follow the posture together Show the child this way: stand against the wall, tightly pressing the back of the head, shoulder blades, buttocks, calves and heels, slightly raise the chin. The child must fix in the mind the muscle sensations in this position of the body. If 3-4 times a day the child will try to hold this position for several seconds, this will have a beneficial effect on his posture. To form the correct posture, conduct exercises with children with objects on their heads, balancing, walking on an inclined plane.

Beautiful and healthy TEETH A beautiful smile not only attracts attention, helps in communication, but also indicates that you have healthy, strong teeth. When people lived in caves, they did not have toothbrushes, but they still looked after their teeth, pulling out pieces of meat with small sticks with sharp ends. Take care of your teeth every day, eat healthy foods, visit the dentist every six months and then your teeth will be strong, and the smile of a snow-white tooth must be cleaned correctly, thoroughly brushing food debris from the most inaccessible corners with a brush. Teeth should be brushed for at least 3 minutes. Brush the front teeth up and down, then the back teeth. Teeth should always be brushed in a circular motion. As soon as the child has milk teeth, give him boiled water after feeding, and teach older children to rinse their mouth after eating. At the age of 3, give your child a toothbrush and teach him to brush his teeth daily in the morning and in the evening after meals. Start paying attention to the condition of the teeth in children over the age of 2-3 when they develop cavities. By about the age of a child's milk teeth, they are completely replaced by molars, and the incidence of caries increases again.

FEATURES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WHEN THEY ENTER SCHOOL The transition of a child from the conditions of upbringing in the family to school is a turning point in his life. The school makes a number of new requirements for children related to systematic education, to being in a team. For schoolchildren of the 12th grade, the following regime has been established, developed by the Institute of Physical Education and School Hygiene of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences, approved by the Directorate of Schools of the Ministry of Education of the RSFSR. Waking up at 7 o'clock in the morning, morning exercises, tempering procedures (rubbing, shower), making the bed, washing. At 7:30 am. the child sits down to have breakfast. Classes at the school last 4 hours. Upon arrival from school lunch (13 hours 13 hours 30 minutes); rest for an hour (it is useful for children 7 years old to sleep at this time). After the rest, a mandatory stay in the air: a walk, outdoor games and entertainment, skiing, skating, sledding, etc. For this, time is allotted from 14:30 to 16:00. After that, cooking lessons (11 1/2 hours) and being outdoors again. From 19:00 to 20:00 dinner and free classes. Getting ready for bed, cleaning clothes, shoes, airing the room, evening dress 20 hours 20 hours 30 minutes, sleep from 20 hours 30 minutes to 7 hours. Much attention should be paid to creating hygienic conditions for homework and children. Preparing lessons requires diligent work at the table, so first of all, you need to take care of organizing the place where the student prepares lessons. The upbringing of a healthy, physically well-developed person requires the friendly collaboration of the family and the school.

Dear parents! The state of health of children is a very serious concern of specialists. According to statistics, only 20% of children are healthy, 80% have functional disorders and deviations in health. The number of cases of violation increases during periods of the most significant changes in learning conditions:
Upon admission to school;
In the transition to subject education (grade 5).
In the family, children get the first experience of knowing the world around them, learn to communicate, so the pedagogical support of the family has been and will be relevant throughout the development of society.
How to keep a child healthy?
I offer you 5 “steps” to the well-being of the child:
1. Daily routine;
2. Proper nutrition;
3. Healthy sleep;
4. Motor activity;
5. Love and mutual understanding in the family.
1. Daily routine

The daily routine is the correct alternation of various activities and rest during the day.
If classes at school are regulated by the timetable of lessons and supervised by supervisory authorities, then the student’s home schedule must be planned together and you will be convinced that with strict observance of the daily routine, the student develops habits and soon he will begin to observe it without any reminders, which will seriously increase his performance.
Approximate scheme of the daily routine of a student
Rise – 7.00
Gymnastics, hygiene procedures, breakfast - 7.00 - 7.30
Road to school - 7.30 - 7.50
Stay at school - 8.00 - 13.30
Road from school - 13.30 - 14.00
Lunch - 14.30 - 15.00
Lessons - 16.00 - 19.30
Free time – 19.30 – 22.00
Sleep - 22.00 - 7.00
Recommendations for parents:
Be a positive example for the child and encourage the child's attempts to stick to the daily routine.
2. Proper nutrition

Good nutrition is one of the main conditions for maintaining health. Undernutrition or overeating contributes to metabolic disorders and the emergence of many diseases. A student should eat at least 4 times: breakfast, lunch, afternoon snack, dinner.
It is proper nutrition that contributes to the formation of the child's body.
Recommendations for parents:
A growing body needs proteins, so include meat in the student's diet;
The main sources of most vitamins and minerals are vegetables and fruits, do not forget about it.
3. Healthy sleep

The child should have his own bed, comfortable night clothes, no extraneous noise, the room should be well ventilated, the duration of sleep is 9-10 hours.
Recommendations for parents:
You can not watch scary movies before going to bed and play noisy games;
You can not scold before going to bed.
4. Motor activity

Modern schoolchildren are characterized by hypodynamia (reducing the load on the muscles and limiting the general motor activity of a person).
A student should take 23-30 thousand steps every day (an adult takes 5 thousand steps with a stretch).
The easiest way is to enroll a child in a sports section or purchase the simplest equipment for practicing at home: jump ropes, dumbbells, and in the air - a bicycle, skis, skates.
Recommendations for parents:
It is enough to move with the child in the morning and in the evening for 10 minutes, but every day and regardless of the situation - the result will be on the face
5. Love and understanding in the family

A family that is built on the mutual love of parents and mutual understanding is the key to a good upbringing of children. In the educational process, confrontation, opposition of forces and positions is not allowed. Only cooperation and love.
Recommendations for parents:
Constantly show your child your willingness to listen and understand;
Be caring, loving and responsive parents;
Organize Sunday trips out of town, go on vacation together.
Dear parents! Remember that the greatest parental happiness is to see healthy, smart and grateful children.

Prepared by: head Konovalova L.V.

Physical education of the child in the family.

The health of preschool children is an important component of family well-being and parental happiness. And this happiness depends primarily on how consciously we approach the issues of raising and strengthening the health of children. Health advice for children and their parents will help our children grow up healthy.

The duty of parents is to strengthen the health of the child at the moment and ensure the favorable development of the child's body in the future. Normal development and health is ensured by the creation of optimal conditions, that is, the organization of the correct regimen.

In the physical education of preschool children, physical exercises, sports exercises, hygiene factors, natural forces of nature are used.

Physical exercise.

Tasks and explanations should be clear and precise, they should be given in a “cheerful voice” and immediately show all movements.

Exercises should be interesting, they should use well-remembered figurative comparisons. for example: "bird", "cat", "locomotive".

The main principle that parents should adhere to when doing physical exercises with babies is to portray everything as a game. Cheerful tone, joke, laughter, active participation of an adult always captivate a child.

The number of repetitions of movements for preschoolers usually ranges from 2-3 to 10.

After the most difficult exercises, it is necessary to give short pauses of rest.

The average values ​​of motor activity indicators of children for a full day - the volume of 17,000 movements, the intensity of 55-56 movements per minute.

Physical exercise is only then beneficial. When they are dealt with systematically. Parents are required to find time every day for physical exercise with their children and carefully monitor their health.

Mode for preschoolers.

By accustoming children to a certain regimen, to fulfilling hygiene requirements, we create in them skills that are useful for the body and thereby preserve their health.

The main requirement for the regime is the accuracy in time and the correct alternation, the change of one type of activity by another. The time should be set when the child goes to bed, gets up, walks, performs simple, feasible duties for him. This time must be strictly observed.

Dream.

Only during sleep will the child receive complete rest. Sleep should be long enough: children 3-4 years old sleep 14 hours a day, 5-6 years old 13 hours, 7-8 years old 12 hours. Of this time, it is necessary, especially for younger children, to set aside an hour and a half for daytime sleep. Children should go to bed no later than 8-9 pm.

Nutrition.

Children receive food 4-5 times a day. The first meal is given half an hour after the child wakes up, and the last one is an hour and a half before bedtime. Between meals, intervals of 3-4 hours should be established, they must be strictly observed. The most hearty meal is given at lunch, less hearty at dinner.

Walks.

No matter how exactly the time for sleeping and eating is observed, the regimen cannot be considered correct if it does not provide time for a walk. The more time children spend outdoors, the healthier they are. In summer, children can be more than 6 hours a day outside. In autumn and winter, children should be outdoors for at least 4 hours. The best time to walk with children is between breakfast and lunch and after a nap. Before dinner. The reason for the cancellation of a walk for a healthy child may be exceptional circumstances: rain, severe frost with strong wind.

Hardening is the first step on the road to health.

Hardening of children is necessary in order to increase their resistance to the effects of low and high air temperatures and thereby prevent frequent diseases. When hardening children, one should adhere to the basic principles:

Carry out hardening procedures systematically;

Increase the exposure time of the hardening factor gradually;

Take into account the mood of the child and carry out procedures in the form of a game;

Start hardening at any age;

Avoid strong irritants: prolonged exposure to cold water or very low air temperatures, as well as overheating in the sun;

Choose the right clothes and shoes: they must correspond to the air temperature and be made from natural fabrics and materials;

Temper the whole family;

Combine hardening procedures with physical exercises and massage;

Never smoke in the room where the child is.

The main hardening factors are natural and available "Sun, air and water". You can start hardening children from the first month of life after examining the baby by a pediatrician.

Bare walking is an element of hardening of the body.

Another way to harden is walking barefoot.

Walking barefoot does not harden, but it also stimulates the nerve endings located on the foot, and has a positive effect on the functioning of internal organs. When walking barefoot, the intense activity of almost all muscles increases, blood circulation is stimulated throughout the body, and mental activity improves.

How and when is the best time to go barefoot?

In winter, in the cold, you should not start accustoming a child to this, but in spring or summer, the baby may well run barefoot on the floor of the house, and even better, on the green grass.

The child should regularly walk barefoot, a real hardening effect occurs only after long systematic training.

Use special rubber mats with studded corrugations. Every morning, start exercising by walking barefoot on such a rug.

It is useful to massage the feet with a round stick rope. Rolling them with soles for a few minutes a day.

How to save a child's vision?

1 .Try. so that the baby moves more, runs. Jumped.

2 .Include foods that are good for the eyes in your diet: cottage cheese, kefir, boiled sea fish, seafood. beef, carrots, cabbage, blueberries, lingonberries, cranberries. Parsley, dill.

3 .Watch his posture - with a “crooked” back, the blood supply to the brain is disrupted, which provokes vision problems. The distance between the book and the eyes should be at least 25-30 cm.

4 .Do not allow the child to sit in front of the TV for a long time, and if he is already sitting, then only strictly opposite and no closer than three meters.

5. A preschooler can play on the computer for no more than half an hour a day, after 7 years - 1 hour a day or two sets of 40 minutes.

6 .Daily do eye exercises together - turn this procedure into an exciting game.

Flat feet.

Finally, the foot is formed in a child by 7-8 years. Flat feet is considered one of the most common diseases in children. But parents often do not take this disease seriously and this is the wrong position.

How to prevent flat feet?

1. The child's shoes should be made of natural materials. Inside with a firm arch support that raises the inner edge of the foot.

2. The sole of children's shoes should be flexible and have a heel of 5-10 mm, artificially raising the arch of the foot, protecting the heel from bruises.

3.Shoes must fit the shape and size of the foot, be comfortable to wear and do not interfere with the natural development of the foot, do not squeeze the foot, disrupting blood circulation and causing abrasions.

4. In terms of weight, shoes should be as light as possible, fairly rigid, with a good back.

5. The length should be more than the foot in the toe, allowance 10 mm.

When determining the size of a child's shoes, be guided by the length of the foot, which is determined by the distance between the most protruding point of the heel and the end of the longest toe.

How to form the correct posture?

Posture is the habitual position of the human body. It is considered correct if a person keeps his head straight and free, his shoulders are at the same level, slightly lowered back, the body is straightened, the stomach is tucked up, the chest slightly protrudes forward, the knees are straightened.

Correct posture is not innate, it begins to form from the first years of our lives. The most crucial period for the formation of posture is from 4 to 10 years. When teaching your child to “correctly” hold his body, do not forget about your posture.

The reasons for the formation of incorrect posture are:

The absence of a strong, sufficiently developed muscular corsage - the muscular system;

Uneven development of the muscles of the back, abdomen and hips, a change in traction that determines the vertical position of the spine;

Prolonged illness or chronic diseases that weaken the body;

Consequences of rickets;

Furniture that does not match the growth;

Uncomfortable clothes and shoes.

Beautiful and healthy teeth.

A beautiful smile not only attracts attention, helps in communication, but also indicates that you have healthy, strong teeth.

As soon as the child has milk teeth, give him boiled water after feeding, and teach older children to rinse their mouth after eating.

At the age of 3, give your child a toothbrush and teach him to brush his teeth daily in the morning and in the evening after meals.

Start paying attention to the condition of the teeth in children over the age of 2-3 when they develop cavities. By about 10-12 years of age, a child's milk teeth are completely replaced by molars and the incidence of caries increases again.

Take care of your teeth every day, eat healthy foods, visit the dentist every six months and then your teeth will be strong and your smile will be snow-white.

Thus, the further search for effective ways to preserve and improve the health of preschoolers should include increasing the role of parents in improving the health of children, introducing them to a healthy lifestyle, and creating traditions of family physical education. Only under the condition of joint purposeful activity of parents and teachers can a positive dynamics of indicators characterizing the health of children and their orientation towards a healthy lifestyle be ensured.

Tip 1. Try to actively participate in the recovery of your child. Not only tell him what to do in order not to get sick, but also show by personal example the health benefits of following the rules of personal hygiene, morning exercises, hardening, and proper nutrition.

Tip 2. Teach your child to strictly observe the hygiene requirements for the cleanliness of the body, linen, clothes, and home.

Tip 3. Teach your child to build his day, alternating work and rest. Nothing harms the nervous system of a child like the lack of a daily routine. The rhythm of life, which includes physical exercises and sports, walks and games in the fresh air, as well as good nutrition and sound sleep, is the best prevention of fatigue and illness.

Tip 4. Help your child learn self-management skills, especially when exercising. To do this, keep a diary of observations and write down with your child data on his physical condition: weight (body weight), height, pulse rate, well-being (sleep, appetite, etc.).

Tip 5. Teach your child to use the natural healing factors - the sun, air and water. Instill in your child the desire and habit to harden the body.

Tip 6 Remember that movement is life. Do sports with your child, walk more, play outdoors. A healthy lifestyle cultivated in the family is the key to the health of the child.

Tip 7. Organize the child proper nutrition and bring up a positive attitude towards the observance of the diet. The child must know which foods are healthy and which are unhealthy.

Tip 8 Teach your child the basic rules for preventing infectious diseases: stay away from those who cough and sneeze; do not use someone else's dishes or toothbrush; Do not wear other children's shoes or hats. If a child is sick himself, sneezes and coughs, he should know that he should cover his mouth and nose with a mask or handkerchief, not play with friends, and follow the doctor's orders.

Tip 9. Introduce your child to the rules of safe behavior at home, on the street, on vacation and teach him to follow these rules in order to avoid life-threatening situations.

Tip 10. Read popular science literature about the age and individual characteristics of a child's development, about how to teach him to improve his health.

Kindergarten and family are the two main social structures that mainly determine the level of child health. Modern parents it is necessary to generate and maintain interest in recovery both themselves and their child.

« Parents are the first teachers. They are obliged to lay the foundations for the physical, moral and intellectual development of the individual. child in early childhood "(Article 18, paragraph 1 of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Education").

With the aim of health improvement of the child in the summer is recommended do daily morning exercises in the fresh air, also to kid easy jogging along with parents, trips out of town to the water, family trips.

morning exercises

Mandatory physical activity with children in the summer is morning hygienic gymnastics. It has a beneficial effect on the entire body. child, has a great wellness and educational influence.

As a rule, children are willing to do morning exercises, the main thing is to control the intensity of the load, taking into account the age and physical development of children, as well as constantly be imaginative and, from time to time, diversify the exercises used.

In summer, it is advisable to do morning exercises with children in the fresh air.

To start doing morning exercises, you do not need any training: get up yourself, wake up the baby (if he didn’t wake you up, go outside, go to the park (or open the window, window, turn on the music) and gain vigor, strength and health. Recommended combine morning exercises with hardening procedures, with air baths: you can practice barefoot, a minimum of clothing restricting movement.

When children perform exercises, you need to show interest from the side parents to work, using your example to show how it is great and necessary for the child and you.

In the classroom, you can use ready-made sets of exercises, or you can make them yourself. Exercises are selected in such a way that the main muscle groups and systems of the child's body take part in them.

Approximate scheme of the morning gymnastics complex

· Stretching.

Walking (on the spot or on the move).

· Exercises for the muscles of the neck, arms and shoulder girdle.

· Exercises for the muscles of the trunk and abdomen.

Leg exercises (squats and jumps).

General impact exercises involving the muscles of the legs and arms (swings, lunges forward (to the sides).

Strength exercises.

Relaxation exercises.

· Breathing exercises.

Morning exercises are not only "awakens" body, but also has a certain training effect. After charging, you can offer baby easy run, and then recommended take water procedures.

hardening procedures

Task parents- have a certain psychological impact on him, so that child understood the need for hardening measures for his health. The best time for hardening is summer. A wisely spent summer helps protect your baby from colds in the cold season. Better if rest child organized in native places with familiar climatic conditions.

Washing is the most accessible type of hardening with water. Children from the age of 1.5 years recommended daily wash not only the face and hands, but also the neck and upper chest. You need to start with warm water (30-32 ° C, gradually lowering its temperature to room temperature, and then use tap water. After washing, the body is rubbed with a terry towel until it turns slightly red. General dousing (duration from 30 sec to 2 min) carried out after an air bath. You can also apply pouring on the legs. Recommended contrast method when alternately hot and cold water is used. Usually the foot and 2/3 of the lower leg are poured over initially for 6-8 seconds with water at a temperature of 38 ° C, then healthy, strong children are subjected to dousing for 3-4 seconds with water at a temperature of 18 ° C, and often sick, not hardened - 28 ° C. In the first case, a four-time alternation of water is carried out, in the second - three times a day. Then the legs are rubbed with a towel to a slight reddening. Douche is usually carried out after daytime sleep.

A hygienic shower also has a tempering effect if it ends with a dousing with cold water. At home, instead of dousing your feet, you can use a hardening method such as "stomping in the pelvis" for 2-5 minutes, as well as playing with water (local hand bath). The initial temperature of the water is 28 ° C, gradually it decreases to room temperature. Tempers and the usual daily bathing in the bath, if it is carried out at an air temperature not higher than 22 ° C, water 35 ° C and ends with a cooler dousing (32°С) water.

On weekends, leaving child on vacation by the water please pay attention to the following recommendations.

Swimming in the river, lake, sea is allowed for children after 2 years of age once a day in calm weather, if the water temperature is not lower than 23 ° C, and the air temperature is not less than 25 ° C.

The duration of bathing is up to 5 minutes. The depth in this case should not be higher than the waist of the children. in bathing child an adult must participate in open water. After bathing, the baby should be dried, put on a panama hat and not kept in the sun for a long time.

If the baby is afraid of water, you should not force him to bathe. Such child it is necessary to accustom him to water gradually, through games, until he believes in himself and does not want to enter the water himself. The duration of bathing from 2-3 minutes can be gradually increased to 10 minutes, subject to active behavior. baby in the water(swimming, playing ball).

Before bathing, the baby should rest in the shade under a canopy. After bathing, it must be wiped with a terry towel, change the panties to dry ones and again take them into the shade. It is strictly forbidden for children to enter the water immediately after a sunbath or stay in wet shorts after swimming. They should not be allowed to play for a long time on the shore on cold wet sand or in the water near the shore, when the legs are cooled and the body is exposed to solar radiation.

The maximum frequency of bathing for preschoolers is 2 times a day.

Games you can play with child by the lake, rivers, seas:

On the sand it is very convenient to jump long (from a place, from a run).

· Stick a stick in the sand, throw pebbles at a distance of 3, 5, 10 steps. The one whose stone falls closer to the stick wins.

· Hit the mark (stone, shell) with water pistols.

· Place children's buckets at some distance from the water. Children carry plastic cups with water from the river, the sea in a bucket. Who fills up faster? You can also use sponges, spoons and sand molds.

Walking trips

Also a very interesting shape summer occupations are walks-hikes, which are one of the most important organized types of motor activity. In the course of them, not only wellness tasks, motor skills and physical qualities of children are improved, but also love and aesthetic attitude to nature are brought up, cognitive needs are satisfied. As you know, children of older preschool age are distinguished by a high degree of independence and organization, which is an important condition for walking and hiking with parents in the parks, Forest.

Hiking-trekking may include all or part of those offered below constituents:

Observation in nature and collection of natural material;

Execution of imitative movements (imitation of the actions of birds, animals, insects);

· outdoor games;

physical education or a set of games and physical exercises;

breathing exercises, attention games;

Children's independent games (on a halt);

In order to increase the interest of children in this type of walks and consolidate the acquired skills and abilities, sports entertainment games can be held.

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