Master class “We draw with plasticine. Advice for parents

In the technique of plasticineography

Derezyuk Anastasia Mikhailovna,

Art department teacher

Modeling from plasticine is a traditional type of visual activity that has long been successfully used in working with children of primary, preschool, and school age.

The proposed technique is called "Plasticine painting", the technique of plasticineography. This technique can be used to develop creativity, fine motor skills, and also use plasticine in the form of "paint" as a visual material, and the child's hands and fingers serve as a tool for working with this material. When working with plasticine, the hands must be warm, the fingers are in constant motion during work, as a result, blood circulation increases, a special fine sensitivity of the fingers develops and increases.

The main goals and objectives of teaching students this technique are:

Target - performance of decorative and applied work in the technique of "Plasticine painting".

Tasks:

Formation of skills in working with plasticine, awakening interest in modeling;

mastering new techniques (rolling, pressing, smearing) and creating plot pictures with their help;

development of fine motor skills;

familiarization with the surrounding world;

development of the child's emotional sphere and fantasy.

In the process of teaching students of plasticineography, one should not set very difficult tasks for them, so as not to frighten them. It is important to reinforce their self-confidence and encourage even small successes in mastering new technology. Creativity should give students the joy of communication, knowledge of work, play, and relaxation. The experience of working together helps to establish relationships with peers, forms a sense of responsibility to each other.

And in order for students to better learn and consolidate their skills, training should be carried out in stages: first, it is important to teach how to put pressure on plasticine, then smear it from the center to the edges of the contour, and then combine both techniques.

Plasticineography contributes, first of all, to the removal of muscle tension and the development of children's imagination, artistic and spatial thinking, awakens imagination, encourages students to be independent. With the successful mastery of the plasticine drawing technique, you can perform teamwork, create paintings, original gifts for parents and friends.

Practice has shown that it is advisable to start studying this technique on the basis of small, narrative paintings. To acquaint students with the sequence of work in plasticineography, work out the basic techniques, bring the work to a finished, integral work - these tasks are best implemented in a small format. And also, you need to acquaint students with the organization of the workplace, with materials and tools.

Lighting. Due to the fact that this work is related to color discrimination, the student's workplace should be well lit. The light should be natural, fall evenly and not glare on the work plane.

Cloth. A mandatory attribute in this type of activity is an apron or dressing gown and long-forgotten armlets. Sleeves are easily made from fabric. For the same purpose, you can use sleeves from an old sweater or stockings with a cut off toe, they are worn with an elastic band towards the wrist. This workwear will allow you not to get dirty with plasticine in the process.

Landing . During work, it is necessary to monitor the correct fit of students. The child should not bend low over the table. Because when viewed closely, the perception of the integrity of the work is lost. Pupils begin to crush, grind the details of the plot picture. And also, there is a load on the spine, the student quickly gets tired, experiences pain and tension in the cervical vertebrae. Be sure to do physical exercises.

Maintaining cleanliness and order. During any creative activity, the surface of the table is covered so that it remains clean. Given the specific features of plasticine, it is better to use a rectangle of light linoleum, or polyethylene.

The box with plasticine should remain clean, beautiful and tidy throughout the entire process of completing the plot picture. To do this, plasticine is cut with a knife or a stack, in small portions. If unused pieces of plasticine have formed, they must be attached to a piece of the corresponding color. In particular, care should be taken that the plasticine does not fall on the floor.

At the end of each session, allow enough time to clean up. The surface of the table covered with linoleum is easily cleaned with a knife or a plasticine stack. To achieve perfect cleanliness of the workplace, everything can be wiped with a cloth soaked in vegetable oil. Then it is wiped off with a paper towel. Hands are rubbed with a cloth in vegetable oil. Excess oil is washed off with soap and warm water.

Materials and tools

Plasticine. Currently, there is a wide variety of plasticine in quality and color. The quality of plasticine should be given special attention. Some types of plasticine are very soft and therefore do not hold their back shape well, some, on the contrary, are very hard - it is difficult to work with it, fingers get tired quickly, more time is spent on work, students do not get satisfaction from work. Given the experience with this material, for plasticine paintings, I recommend using "Gamma" (manufactured in Moscow), it is quite plastic, soft and pliable for small details.

Instruments. To master the techniques of sculpting with plasticine, it is necessary to prepare tools that will help the student successfully cope with the tasks set: A wooden or plastic board - as a desktop for rolling plasticine and sculpting small parts. This is a set of stacks and plastic knives, of various configurations and sizes, for cutting, processing plasticine mass (stacks are small plastic or wooden knives for cutting, aligning and detailing depicted objects); A glass of water (hands must be periodically moistened with water so that the plasticine does not stick to them); Various gears, polyhedrons, tubes and other devices - to give the surface a certain structure; Plastic medical or confectionery syringes - for squeezing out the plastic mass; Stationery knife for cutting cardboard; Copy paper, for transferring the pattern to the surface of the cardboard; Sketch of the future picture, made on a cardboard scale; Simple pencil; Plastic and metal ruler 40 cm long; Hairspray "Charm", for varnishing the finished picture; A bottle of vegetable oil to facilitate cleaning hands and surfaces from plasticine sticking; Cotton cloth or paper towels for wiping hands and work area.

Cardboard base for the plot picture. The most suitable is multi-layered cardboard from packaging boxes, which has a corrugated layer inside. Such cardboard does not bend, and when pressed, it absorbs a little under the fingers, this creates a certain comfort when spreading plasticine. It is better to take the cardboard format taking into account the future mat and frame. Make allowances for the passe-partout according to traditional canons.

Target: give parents knowledge about plasticineography, as an unconventional way of drawing.

Plan.

Theoretical part.


Practical part.


Final part.

Teacher.- Good evening, dear parents. Today I invited you to a meeting. I really hope that everything you learn will be useful to you in the upbringing and development of your children.

According to psychologist Olga Novikova: “Drawing for a child is not art, but speech. Drawing makes it possible to express what, due to age restrictions, he cannot express in words. In the process of drawing, the rational fades into the background, prohibitions and restrictions recede. At this moment, the child is absolutely free and can create.

Of all the variety of types of fine arts, children prefer drawing, which is of great importance for the comprehensive development of preschoolers, contributes to aesthetic and moral education, broadening their horizons. What do your kids like to draw?

Parents: pencils, paints and markers.

Teacher.- But you can draw not only with the help of paints, pencils or felt-tip pens, but also in such an unconventional artistic technique as plasticineography. The creation of stucco paintings based on plasticine depicting convex, semi-volumetric objects on a horizontal surface is one of the types of arts and crafts.

Plasticineography contributes, first of all, to the removal of muscle tension and relaxation; develops children's imagination, artistic and spatial thinking, fine motor skills of hands; awakens fantasy; encourages preschoolers to be independent; forms an aesthetic taste; helps to educate children of senior preschool age industriousness, the desire to bring the work started to the end.

Plasticineography will help you diversify your child's leisure time at home, establish communication with him, give each other unforgettable moments of intimacy. The children can present the made pictures to friends, close people, decorate the room with them, etc.

The technique is simple to perform, does not require special abilities, captivates and does not overload children either mentally or physically. Plasticine drawing allows you to use junk (coils, disks, beads) and natural (cones, shells, chestnuts) materials.

In work, it is best to use a bright, moderately soft material that can take a given shape. This will allow the child's still fragile hands to create their first drawings.

It is necessary to teach plasticineography in order of increasing difficulty level: first, it is important to teach how to put pressure on the plasticine, then smear it from the center to the edges of the contour, and then combine both techniques. It is better to start with simple pictures and gradually move on to creating more complex ones.

Now I will tell and show how to draw a mushroom with plasticine. I'll start with the legs. I’ll take a piece of white plasticine and roll it up with a sausage, attach the finished sausage to the mushroom leg on a cardboard, evenly press the resulting leg and flatten it on the base. For weed, I'll take a few small pieces of green plasticine and roll up small sausages, attach them to the bottom of the leg and flatten them in different directions. Now it's up to the hat. I'll take a piece of red plasticine, roll up a ball, put it in the center of the hat. Then, flattening, I evenly distribute the plasticine over the entire mushroom cap. And now I will smooth out irregularities and protruding details on the hat. I roll up small balls of white plasticine and attach them to the hat by flattening. The mushroom is ready.

When sculpting paintings, you should take into account the features of working with plasticine. So, to obtain the desired shade, you can combine plasticine of various colors and varieties. Mixing more than two colors is not recommended. There are two ways to obtain a variety of shades. The first is to mix clay directly on the base, applying strokes alternately. The second is to take a few pieces of multi-colored plasticine, knead, mix in one ball and draw.

Depending on the idea, the texture of the strokes can resemble silk, glass or ceramics, look rough or embossed. To give the surface a shine, before smoothing the plasticine, the fingers are slightly moistened in water, but so that the cardboard base does not get wet. To make the surface of the picture look rough, various methods are used to apply the image of relief dots, strokes, stripes, convolutions or curly lines. You can work not only with your fingers, but also with stacks.

Working with plasticine takes a lot of time, requires attention and perseverance, therefore, approximately in the middle of the lesson, it is necessary to spend physical education minutes. Another important point is the favorable attitude of parents and the child. It is important to encourage the child even for small successes in mastering new technology. Creativity should give the child the joy of communication, knowledge, work, play, and relaxation.

And now I invite you to try to do the work in the technique of plasticineography. You can take boxes with ready-made drawings or draw your own.

Practical part.

Stulova Svetlana Anatolyevna, educator, MBDOU Kindergarten No. 1 "Joy", p. Verkhovazhye, Vologda region.

Master class for parents.

Target: to give parents knowledge about plasticineography, as an unconventional way of drawing.

Materials and equipment:

• thick cardboard;
• a set of plasticine;
• wet wipes for hands;
• modeling board;
• stack.

Expected Result:

• the use by the participants of the master class of the "plasticineography" technique in working with children;
• creation of a stucco picture depicting semi-volumetric objects on a horizontal surface;

Plan.

1. Theoretical part.
2. Practical part.
3. Final part.

Event progress:

1.Theoretical part.

Educator: - Good evening, dear parents. Today I invited you to a master class. A master class is “I can do it myself, I will teach you”. I really hope that everything you learn will be useful to you in the upbringing and development of your children.

According to psychologist Olga Novikova: “Drawing for a child is not art, but speech. Drawing makes it possible to express what, due to age restrictions, he cannot express in words. In the process of drawing, the rational fades into the background, prohibitions and restrictions recede. At this moment, the child is absolutely free and can create.

Of all the variety of types of fine arts, children prefer drawing, which is of great importance for the comprehensive development of preschoolers, contributes to aesthetic and moral education, broadening their horizons.

What do your kids like to draw?

Parent responses.

Educator: - Each of you knows such a soft and pliable material as plasticine, which can take on given shapes. But not everyone knows that you can not only sculpt from plasticine, you can draw with it. Plasticine painting can be an unusual solution to the problem of the creative development of children.

This unusual drawing is called "plasticineography"

(Display of paintings made in the technique of plasticineography)

Plasticineography helps to relieve muscle tension and relaxation; develops children's imagination, artistic and spatial thinking, fine motor skills of hands; awakens fantasy; encourages preschoolers to be independent; forms an aesthetic taste; helps to educate children of senior preschool age industriousness, the desire to bring the work started to the end.

Plasticineography will help you diversify your child's leisure time at home, establish communication with him, give each other unforgettable moments of intimacy. The children can present the made pictures to friends, close people, decorate the room with them, etc.

The technique is simple to perform, does not require special abilities, captivates and does not overload children either mentally or physically. Plasticine drawing allows you to use junk (coils, disks, beads) and natural (cones, shells, chestnuts) materials.

In work, it is best to use a bright, soft material that can take on a given shape. This will allow the child's still fragile hands to create their first drawings.

It is necessary to teach plasticineography in order of increasing difficulty level: first, it is important to teach how to put pressure on the plasticine, then smear it from the center to the edges of the contour, and then combine both techniques. It is better to start with simple pictures and gradually move on to creating more complex ones.

Now I will tell and show how to draw a flower with plasticine. I'll start with the stem. I’ll take a piece of green plasticine and roll it up with a sausage, attach the finished sausage to the flower stalk on a cardboard, press it evenly and flatten it on the base. For a leaf, I will take a small piece of green plasticine and roll up a small sausage, attach it to the middle of the stem and flatten it in different directions. Now let's move on to the flower itself. I'll take a piece of yellow plasticine, roll it up into a ball, put it in the center of the flower. Then, flattening, I evenly distribute the plasticine throughout the circle. And now I take red plasticine, I will divide it into several parts. I roll up a ball from each small piece of plasticine, flatten it, lay it to the petals and distribute it evenly. The flower is ready.

When sculpting paintings, you should take into account the features of working with plasticine. So, to obtain the desired shade, you can combine plasticine of various colors and varieties. Mixing more than two colors is not recommended. There are two ways to obtain a variety of shades. The first is to mix clay directly on the base, applying strokes alternately. The second is to take a few pieces of multi-colored plasticine, knead, mix in one ball and draw.

Depending on the idea, the texture of the strokes can resemble silk, glass or ceramics, look rough or embossed. To give the surface a shine, before smoothing the plasticine, the fingers are slightly moistened in water, but so that the cardboard base does not get wet. To make the surface of the picture look rough, various methods are used to apply the image of relief dots, strokes, stripes, convolutions or curly lines. You can work not only with your fingers, but also with stacks.

Working with plasticine takes a lot of time, requires attention and perseverance, therefore, approximately in the middle of the lesson, it is necessary to spend physical education minutes. Another important point is the favorable attitude of parents and the child. It is important to encourage the child even for small successes in mastering new technology. Creativity should give the child the joy of communication, knowledge, work, play, and relaxation.

1. Practical part.

I'll give you a riddle:

It hides at night

It will become dark in the yard.

In the morning again to us in the window

Joyful beats ... (sun!)

- I invite you to try to do the work in the technique of plasticineography. You can take cardboard with a finished drawing.

Stages of the image:

You will need blue cardboard, yellow plasticine, a modeling board, a stack.

1. We divide a piece of plasticine in half, roll out a ball from one half and flatten it, apply it to the cardboard, press lightly, evenly distribute it around the entire circle;
2. We sculpt rays from the second half, apply around the circle.
3. We decorate the sun at your discretion (eyes, nose, mouth).

• To prevent the picture from deforming during work, thick cardboard should be used as the basis;
• So that the picture does not lose its attractiveness over time, the base with a pre-drawn outline should be covered with adhesive tape. This will help to avoid the appearance of greasy spots;
• Give children more independence;
• Do not criticize the inept actions of children;
• Support the desire of children to achieve the best result in their work;
• Exercise strict control over the posture of children.

3.Conclusion:

Educator: - Dear parents! You can't do it without the help of an adult. It is adults who should arouse interest in knowledge, help to assimilate the experience of previous generations, teach methods of studying and reflecting the world around. The most important thing in work is to make sure that the soul of the child rejoices in a full-fledged creative process.

Thank you for your active participation in the master class, for the wonderful pictures!

Perhaps it is impossible to find a child who would not like to sculpt from plasticine. Soft and pliable, it can take any shape, unlike other types of creativity (drawing, appliqués), a failed plasticine craft is easy to fix. Such qualities attract children, so they are happy to sculpt. On sale you can find any kind of plastic material for home creativity and organize self-study for your child. Both adults and children are satisfied! Meanwhile, not all parents know that plasticine can also be painted, creating three-dimensional paintings. This type of activity is called plasticineography.

What does the concept of plasticineography include? This non-traditional drawing technique is a new direction in children's creativity, when a stucco three-dimensional picture is created on a plane. An unusual way of drawing is an exciting activity not only for children, but also for adults. Teachers advise parents to learn unusual visual techniques themselves and teach their child, since plasticineography aims not only to develop children's creative abilities, but also to expand knowledge about the world around them, form intelligence, develop mental processes, actively influence the development of fine motor skills. Such creative activities with children are easy to organize at home. The main thing is that parents themselves should be interested in plasticineography, then the child will also be carried away by this type of creativity.

We get acquainted with the secrets of plasticine technology

What are the secrets of plasticineography, is it possible to teach them to children? Teachers confidently say that this technique is quite accessible to preschool children, and with the right approach, plasticineography as a means of developing children's creative abilities can become a serious support for family education. In order not to miss the moment, it would be nice for parents to know when they start creating stucco paintings with kids. According to experts, such classes can be carried out already with three-year-old children. The main thing when creating pictures from plasticine is to take into account the age of the child and his technical skills, since due to the complexity of the image, interest in creativity may be lost. Therefore, the kids are first introduced to the simplest techniques of the "ABC of modeling":

• smearing - the most simplified way of plasticineography, accessible even to the smallest child. Plasticine is smeared with fingers on a finished smooth base.

• rolling - Increasing complexity of work. It requires certain muscular efforts, since the plasticine is rolled out with direct hand movements in the form of a cylinder or in circular motions in the form of a ball.
• Flatten and stretch - the most important stages in the creation of stucco paintings. They are necessary for the image of various decorative and applied forms, for example, cakes, a heart, an oval or an elongated cylinder, a flagellum. To do this, first roll out a ball or sausage, and then squeeze it with your palms, transferring various bends, indentations or an elongated tip with your fingers.

The plots of paintings for preschoolers at this age can be well-known autumn and summer motifs, for example, "The Sun" (on a blue background, we flatten the yellow ball, and smear the rays around); "Flowers on the Grass" (we smear green plasticine on a smooth base, put flattened multi-colored balls on top). In a similar way, "Autumn leaves on the ground", "Falling snow", "Hedgehog", "Colorful fireworks", "Christmas tree garlands" are decoratively depicted. Teachers are advised to use rhymes, riddles and short stories about a stucco picture to maintain interest in creativity and encourage a child, for example:

I mold the sky, the sun, a stream from plasticine,
I'll stick flowers everywhere, I'll draw a cornflower.
And daisies, forget-me-nots, baby buttercups
They will smile at the sun, enjoy the warm summer!

We made koloboks
Flattened them from the sides.
It turned out to be a pancake,
Very soft (plasticine).

Important: working with plasticine is a rather difficult task for fragile children's fingers. Therefore, firstly, plasticine for plasticineography must meet the necessary requirements (heat the solid mass in warm water); secondly, while creating a stucco picture, it is necessary to change the types of activities, making pauses to prevent the baby from overworking.

Technique for older preschoolers

When the simplest methods are mastered by children, they move on to a more complex stage of learning, show new techniques and a variety of plasticineography. Thus, a certain system of work on the picture is created. What techniques of plasticineography are typical for this particular technique?

• smoothing down - reception is necessary to prepare the basis of the future picture. To get a smooth surface, you need to gently smooth the plasticine layer with your fingertips. You can moisten your fingers with water, then things will go faster. Work requires certain muscular efforts, therefore it is available only to older preschoolers.
• Topping - used to create new details in the picture and give it a decorative effect. The preschooler pinches the plasticine with his fingers where it is necessary to decorate the image.
• Lubrication, pressing - techniques are necessary for tight attachment of the elements of the picture.
• Sticking- connects one part of the image to another or helps to apply the necessary details to an already finished drawing, photograph.
• Mixing different colors of plasticine to get shades - necessary for the decoration of the picture. Children are taught to knead colored balls in one piece or to mix different colors right in the outline of the drawing in the form of a neat overlay of one colored piece on another.

To make plasticine paintings more expressive, it is good to use elements of natural material: leaves, shells, nuts, seeds, small pebbles, bean seeds, etc. Beads, beads, small buttons will look beautiful in decorating images.

Important: plasticineography as a means of developing fine motor skills of the hands involves a gradual transition from simple methods of work to more complex ones. Then the preschooler will be able to prepare the composition for a long time without getting tired. And the system of methods of working with plastic materials learned by the child will help to create new ideas and creative discoveries.

For older preschoolers, the plots of the paintings can be more complex than for kids, compositions on the themes of the seasons, for example, "It's snowing", "Butterflies in the meadow", "Basket with mushrooms", "Still life of fruits", "Vase with wild flowers ", "Rainbow and rain". Children like to create pictures from the life of animals ("Inhabitants of the zoo", "Hedgehog with mushrooms", "Dog plays with a ball", "Kitten and ball"), from the life of people ("Holiday", "Space", "Children sculpt a snowman ") or fairy-tale characters. They can compose small funny rhymes and stories themselves to beat their crafts:

I sculpt from plasticine
Balloon, ball and penguin.
And here is the hippo
He has a big belly.
Plasticine ears
wiggle at the crown

Important: Parents! Do not forget to rejoice with your children for each of their creative finds. Try to save crafts for a long time, give them to relatives, friends, to give significance to children's creations.

Plasticine method

To make it easy for parents to organize the education of children at home, experts have developed a plasticineography technique for children, which involves the following step-by-step work:

1. First, we teach younger preschoolers to knead plasticine until it becomes pliable.
2. For kids, we offer a ready-made base or ask for a little help in preparing it, for example, create a contour together with an adult.
3. We teach older children who already have the skill of working with stucco material to prepare the basis of the paintings. We correct the movements of the hand when smearing plasticine from the center to the edges.
4. For small children, we offer no more than two techniques for making simple images. The elders perform paintings that are complex in terms of decoration, using a whole range of techniques.
5. To get a new color shade for a drawing, even young children are taught to combine different colors of plasticine, for example: yellow and red for orange, blue and yellow for emerald green, blue and white for cyan.
6. We show older preschoolers that strokes can look like silk, glass or ceramics, be rough or embossed.
7. To roughen the details, we use various methods with the help of a stack: we apply relief dots, strokes, stripes, curly lines. To depict thin plasticine threads, plastic syringes without needles will be indispensable.
8. We teach children that in drawing it is best to use bright, soft material to give the image an interesting shape.

How to properly prepare materials for creating plasticine paintings

• To give the picture stability and avoid deformation, use only thick cardboard for the base of the picture.
• To avoid the appearance of untidy plasticine spots on the basis of the pattern, cover it with adhesive film.
• To avoid mistakes in the sculpting process, pre-apply the outline of the pattern on the cardboard under the film.
• To prevent the picture from spoiling for a long time, cover it with a colorless varnish.
• To work on the picture quickly, prepare the necessary materials in advance: cardboard, outlines of drawings, plasticine, hand napkins, stacks, toothpicks, a set of natural material, a modeling board.

What is plasticineography

Teachers, teaching preschool children, use various types of plasticineography, which are easy to organize at home. Parents need to know what and how is used in different age periods. All preschoolers will have access to direct plasticineography , in which the stucco image is built on a flat surface. When making a picture, you must first roll up three-dimensional forms, for example, koloboks, sausages, then arrange them along the contour and flatten them in accordance with the plan, attaching the details well.

Kids easily master this technique already at the age of two or three. They are offered a simple drawing without small details, at the initial stage with a ready-made base. Older children create more complex compositions. They independently prepare the base, perform a contour, which is gradually filled with softened plasticine.

Reverse plasticineography (stained glass) involves drawing from the back of the base. To do this, it must be transparent, for example, plastic or plexiglass. The drawing is made on the basis of a marker, and then its elements are filled with plasticine. Pieces of plasticine of the required size and color are selected into the image, softened, and then smeared over a transparent base. To get a thin, neat layer, you can smear it with your fingers or a stack, carefully pressing the plasticine to the surface.

Modular plasticineography belongs to a complex technique and requires preschoolers to master all the techniques of modeling. Then a stucco picture is obtained, consisting of various decorating elements: balls, cakes, cylinders, braids and other technical elements.

Mosaic plasticineography - a technique loved by children, since the image is made only of plasticine balls. A fairly simple technique is available to children of all ages. The main thing is to select the appropriate colors and carefully fill the contour space with elements without going beyond it. The method of work consists of rolling small balls, placing them on the base and pressing against it.

Contour plasticineography - involves sculpting the object along the contour. The step-by-step steps of the action will be as follows: first, a drawing is applied to the base with a marker, then a contour is laid out using thin rolled flagella, the image is filled with flagella of the corresponding color. Teachers advise using a large syringe without a needle, into which plasticine is placed, then the syringe is placed in hot water to soften. Thus, you can get beautiful even flagella.

Multilayer plasticineography - represents sequentially applied layers of plasticine on the base. A similar technique is necessary for landscapes: images of forests, water, fields, when you need to choose not only the primary colors, but also their shades. Such work is quite difficult for small preschool children, and it is appropriate to carry it out only with older children. The method of work is as follows: different colors of plasticine are selected, from which thin cakes are made. Then the blanks are superimposed on each other in the form of a multilayer cake in accordance with the pattern.

Textured plasticineography - the most difficult technique, as it involves the manufacture of a three-dimensional image. It can be distinguished bas-relief (French bas-relief - low relief, the volume of the picture is less than half), high relief (more than half protruding) and counter-relief (lat. contra - against and relief, in-depth drawing). To get such paintings, you can use a special roller with an image printed on it. In stores, you can buy ready-made templates for this technique.

Caring parents will always find an opportunity to influence the development of children's creative abilities through plasticineography. This is perhaps the most accessible and exciting way to solve many issues of development and education, thereby preparing preschoolers for schooling and enriching family leisure.

One of the favorite techniques of arts and crafts among preschoolers is plasticineography. Most kids are generally very fond of drawing, and plasticine drawing attracts them doubly. After all, it is very simple, and, in addition, such images are easy to correct. Kindergarten teachers also appreciate plasticineography: such classes do not require special preliminary preparation and have a beneficial effect on the nervous system of children.

The essence of plasticineography as a type of children's creativity. Goals, methods, techniques

Plasticineography refers to an unconventional modeling technique, it is a drawing with plasticine on some kind of dense base. In this case, objects and objects are obtained to a greater or lesser extent in relief. In addition, plasticineography allows the inclusion of auxiliary parts in the composition - beads, beads, natural, as well as waste material.

Opportunities for the development and learning of preschoolers

• In the process of work, such mental processes as attention and memory, logical thinking and imagination develop.
• Plasticineography reveals the creative potential of children, and from a very young age.
• The performance of such crafts develops spatial orientation, sensory-motor coordination - these are exactly the functions that ensure successful learning at school.
• Plasticineography is a rather painstaking process that stimulates perseverance, patience, and the desire to complete the work begun.
• This type of modeling improves fine motor skills - the child's hand is being prepared for writing.
• Plasticine classes can relieve muscle and nervous tension in children.
• With this type of creativity, the integration of educational areas takes place (knowledge of the surrounding world, speech development, music).
• With the successful development of this technique, children can make exclusive gifts to their relatives and friends, create paintings that will decorate the home interior.

We single out the main goals of plasticineography as a type of productive activity for preschoolers:

• Improving the skills of working with plasticine, stimulating interest in visual activity.
• Mastering new modeling techniques (pressure, smearing, rolling).
• Developing the ability to navigate on a sheet of paper.
• Improvement of fine motor skills, eye measurement, coordination of hand movements.
• Education of such qualities as accuracy, perseverance, independence.
• Development of imagination and aesthetic feelings.

Mastering the technique of plasticineography involves the use of various techniques in the process of work. The children have already met some of them in traditional modeling classes.

This rolling a piece of plasticine between the palms, during which it lengthens and takes the form of a cylinder.

At rolling circular movements of the palms form a ball.

pullback- obtaining a pointed tip of an object using fingertips movements.

flattening- squeezing the ball into the shape of a cake. With the help of a stack or finger pressure, such a part can be given bends, indentations.

The following techniques are typical for plasticineography. This smoothing, pressing and smearing, which are necessary to create a flat and smooth surface. They are performed by the efforts of the fingertips. As for smearing, it can be performed from top to bottom or from left to right.

In addition, when creating pictures using the plasticine technique, the children learn to mix different colors of plasticine to get unusual shades. Such a laborious, but interesting process is carried out in different ways. Pieces of plasticine can be kneaded and then mixed in one piece. Another option - plasticine is mixed directly on the base, strokes are applied alternately and smeared on the surface.

Types of plasticine used in kindergarten

In the classroom in kindergarten, various types of plasticineography are used. The most common is direct plasticineography, in which a stucco image is formed on a horizontal surface. Toddlers are able to master this technique from an early age - for this, the teacher offers them a simple drawing without small details. In the senior level, children create more complex compositions. A similar pattern is filled with plasticine (preferably wax) on a thick sheet of cardboard (it is better to paste over it with tape first - it is so convenient to adjust the image). Smeared plasticine produces the effect of strokes of oil paint.

Direct plasticineography

With reverse plasticineography, drawing is performed on the back of glass or another transparent surface. In a preschool institution, plastic or plexiglass is usually used for these purposes (since the use of ordinary glass for preschoolers is unsafe). The drawing is marked on the surface with a marker, and then filled with plasticine (smeared with a thin layer). Along the contour, the finished composition can be marked with stripes - you get a semblance of a frame.

Reverse plasticineography (on glass)

Modular plasticineography - a picture of plasticine rollers, balls, disks and other elements. This is a more complex technique that requires children to master all the modeling techniques.

Modular plasticineography

Mosaic plasticineography - an image composed exclusively of plasticine balls. This is the simplest technique, the main thing here is to choose colors beautifully and carefully fill the space without going beyond the outline.

Mosaic plasticineography

At contour plasticineography thin plasticine flagella are necessarily used, which indicate the silhouette of the object.

Contour plasticineography

Multilayer plasticineography implies the sequential application of several layers on the surface. This technique is most suitable for landscape compositions - images of the sky, forests, mountains, when the layers overlap each other. Elements are sometimes attached to the base using thin rollers - a kind of 3-D effect is obtained. Note that such work is quite difficult for preschoolers and is appropriate only in the preparatory group.

Multilayer plasticineography

Textured plasticineography it is distinguished by a convex image and, in turn, is divided into bas-relief (the figure protrudes less than half above the background), high relief (more than half) and counter-relief (deep drawing).

Textured plasticineography (bas-relief)

Plasticineography in children of different ages. Difficulty level of crafts

Junior group

It is possible to acquaint children with plasticineography at a very early age - starting from the nursery group. Toddlers 2–3 years old are quite capable of mastering the simplest tricks - rolling up balls, rolling flagella, flattening them into cakes. Of course, children's fingers are still quite clumsy, so the teacher should offer a picture with a small amount of large details. For initial classes, topics such as “Sun”, “Flower”, “Rainbow” are great. The teacher draws a silhouette of the object with a pencil, and the child completes it with plasticine dots. For example, it may be a tree that the baby will complement with red or yellow apples. Another option is a vase in which the child will depict a bouquet of flowers.

The second junior group the second junior group plasticineography in the nursery group (the teacher draws up the trunk)

middle group

By the middle group, the hands of children are already becoming more dexterous, and the teacher can move on to a more complex technique of plasticineography. Preschoolers 4–5 years old can already create a picture of thin flagella twisted in the form of a snail. The teacher can draw a magic bird, and the child will paint its feathers with plasticine of different colors. At this age, the guys learn not to go beyond the outline of the image, and also to use additional materials (groats, beads) in their work, which will make the picture more

middle group

middle group

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In the senior preschool level, children are already able to create complex compositions (images of landscapes of different seasons, animals, people, etc.), fantasy works. The teacher can offer children 5–7 years old softened plasticine, which is applied to the base with a syringe in thin strips. Such a reception, no doubt, will delight the guys. A wonderful solution for the senior and preparatory groups is collective compositions.

preparatory group

preparatory group

Plasticine classes in kindergarten can cover a wide variety of topics. It is best to time them with classes to familiarize yourself with the outside world. So, in the fall it would be advisable to offer such topics as “Leaf fall”, “Basket with mushrooms”, “Gifts of autumn” (vegetables and fruits), “Asters”. After getting acquainted with the theme "Birds", the children will be happy to depict an owl, a swan or a peacock, and after the theme "Sea inhabitants" - a goldfish, a dolphin, an octopus. Crafts in the technique of plasticineography will consolidate the knowledge of wild and domestic animals ("Hedgehog", "Cat", etc.)

In winter, the following topics will be appropriate: “Snowman”, “Christmas balls”, “Elegant Christmas tree”, “Snowflake”, “Bullfinch”, “Penguin on an ice floe”. In the senior preschool level, these can be landscape winter compositions, including collective ones (such works, in principle, can affect all seasons).

In the spring, it will be relevant to depict the first flowers (“Snowdrops”, “Dandelions”), insects (“Butterfly”, “Ladybug”).

In the technique of plasticineography, wonderful gifts are obtained. For example, by March 8, it could be a “Bouquet for Mom” or a composition for Dad (“Tank”, “Flying Planes”, “Ship”, etc.). To make such work more effective, it is recommended to cover the surface of the finished composition with a colorless varnish.

Khokhloma patterns Mosaic technique Modular technique with the effect of volume Plasticineography using additional materials (foil) Collaboration Bas-relief Gift for mom (modular technique) Bas-relief Bas-relief Bas-relief Landscape composition Still life Portrait Plasticineography using natural materials Modular technique Modular technique Mosaic technique Gift for dad Plasticineography Gift for dad

Templates for plasticineography in kindergarten

Before you start working with plasticine, the child needs a base picture, or template. Older preschoolers usually draw them on their own. For younger children, the teacher offers ready-made silhouettes. Templates are simple (subject image) or complex plot compositions with many small details. The latter option is acceptable, of course, for the senior and preparatory groups.

Template Template Template Template Template Template

Videos on the topic "Plasticineography"

Video lesson for preschoolers - plasticineography "Bullfinch"

Master class in kindergarten on plasticineography "Fish in the aquarium"

Master class on making panels with lilies using the plasticine technique

Lesson notes

Plasticineography project: goals, objectives, planning, reporting. "Gifts of Autumn" as an example of a project - themes and photos of works

Plasticineography, one of the favorite children's activities, provides great opportunities for project activities.

The project must have a detailed theoretical basis. First of all, the teacher must come up with a catchy name for him, for example, “We make magic!” or "Plasticine fairy tale".

The teacher should briefly formulate the main idea of ​​the work, for example “We will create magic together with a child - plasticine will help us with this!”

Sirotkina Tatyana Vladimirovna

http://tutmama.ru/obshhee-razvitie/plastilinografiya-v-detskom-sadu.html

The relevance of the project is substantiated in detail (the benefits of plasticineography for the comprehensive development of children). The main goal of the activity and its constituent tasks are outlined. The educator clearly indicates the age category of the children involved in the project, as well as its duration (short or long term). In the documentation, the teacher clearly describes the ways and stages of the project implementation (preparatory, main and final), as well as the expected results of the activity.

At the end of the project, the teacher compulsorily draws up a report: indicates whether the tasks were achieved. A photo exhibition on the theme of the project is being organized.

If we consider specific examples, then a very interesting topic for the project is “Gifts of Autumn” (it can be carried out in any age group, only the complexity of the tasks changes). Within the framework of this topic, the teacher can offer preschoolers the following works: “Autumn Birches”, “Basket with Mushrooms”, “Maple Leaves”, “Miracle Fruits” (vegetables and fruits), “Asters”.

Project "Gifts of Autumn" Project "Gifts of Autumn" Project "Gifts of Autumn" Project "Gifts of Autumn" Project "Gifts of Autumn"

Circle on plasticineography

resources for self-education of the educator

Plasticineography may well become an area for separate circle work. Such activities are usually carried out with children, starting with the middle group.

Of course, the teacher himself must be passionate about this technique of artistic creativity, study the necessary methodological literature, the topic of his self-education must correspond to this direction. It is desirable to attend seminars on plasticineography.

To create a circle, you need to take care of the necessary materials and tools (in this case, this will not require special costs). The teacher thinks in advance what toys and visual aids will be needed for classes.

During the work of the circle, the teacher shares his knowledge with parents, offers them consultations, conducts conversations, and gives recommendations on homework with children.

Before the start of the activity of the circle on plasticineography, it would be appropriate to conduct a survey among parents to study the interests and needs of children.

Circle program. Fragment of the program for the senior group

Before the start of the work of the circle, the teacher draws up a program in which he substantiates the theoretical aspects of the topic: its relevance, novelty, main goals and objectives. The teacher outlines the forms and methods of work. The age of the children who will attend the circle and the implementation period are clearly indicated (as a rule, the program is drawn up for one year). A list of children is also attached to the program.

The main part of the program is thematic planning with a description of the purpose of each lesson. As an example, we give a fragment of the program of the circle on plasticineography for the senior group (author Babakekhyan A.G.):

Plasticineography monitoring, features

The plasticineography monitoring system does not include any special forms and types of organization of children's activities. Diagnostics is carried out through observation, which occurs in the process of individual and collective studies.

This issue is especially relevant for circle activities - it helps to organize classes more effectively.

The teacher evaluates the following parameters.

1. Creative activity
a) Increased interest, creativity - a high level
b) The child is active, there is an interest in this type of activity, but does the work as directed by the teacher - the average level
c) The child is not active, performs work without much desire - low level
2. Sensory abilities
a) The form is transmitted accurately. A variety of colors, the real color is transmitted, the expressiveness of the image is a high level
b) There are minor distortions. Paint Retreats - Intermediate
C) The form failed. Indifference to color, monochromaticity - low level
3. Composition
a) Proportionality between objects is observed over the entire plane of the sheet - a high level
b) On a strip of a sheet with minor elements - an average level
c) Not thoughtfully random - low level
4. General manual skill
a) Hand motor skills are well developed, accuracy is a high level
b) Manual skill developed - medium level
c) Hand motor skills are poorly developed, help is required - low level
5. Self-reliance
a) Performs tasks independently, without help. The child independently chooses a topic, an idea, knows how to plan his actions, chooses expressive means, brings the work he has begun to the end - a high level
b) Requires little help - medium level
c) Performs the task with the help of a teacher, support and stimulation are needed - low level
6. Indicators of technical skills
- rolling

- flattening
a) Performs independently - high level
b) Need a little help - medium level
c) Performs actions with the help of a teacher - low level
- smearing
a) Performs independently - high level
b) Need a little help - medium level
c) Performs actions with the help of a teacher - low level

Higher philological education. Experience as a proofreader, rewriter, website maintenance, teaching experience.